{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/v11vd6pd9q/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Episode N405, 1990 May 30"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/013/original/yale-blue.png?1678220072","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["mssa.ms.1818 (EAD ID)","MS 1818  (Call Number)","ms_1818_b0097.mp4 (Digital Object ID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1990 May 30 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["The episode includes: South African President F.W. De Klerk cancels United States visit after successful\nEuropean tour; national guardsmen massacre 150 students in Zaire; more blacks appear in South African television advertisements; South African diamonds defy international trade sanctions; music video premiere, Gimme Hope Jo'anna, by Eddy Grant.\n (Scope and Content Note)","https://preservica.library.yale.edu/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;12125841-4b06-452c-862a-50660060462d (Other Finding Aid Note)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Episode N405, 1990 May 30.South Africa Now Collection (MS 1818). Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library.\n\n https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/resources/4528."]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/archival_objects/1537083"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["videocassettes_(u-matic)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library."]}}],"summary":{"en":["The episode includes: South African President F.W. De Klerk cancels United States visit after successful\nEuropean tour; national guardsmen massacre 150 students in Zaire; more blacks appear in South African television advertisements; South African diamonds defy international trade sanctions; music video premiere, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGimme Hope Jo'anna\u003c/title\u003e, by Eddy Grant.\n","https://preservica.library.yale.edu/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u002612125841-4b06-452c-862a-50660060462d"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives Yale University Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives Yale University Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/013/original/yale-blue.png?1678220072","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/040/044/small/open-uri20190521-21464-119m0o6_1558470127.jpg?1558470130","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - open-uri20190521-21464-119m0o6.mp4v"]},"duration":1799.453,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/040/044/small/open-uri20190521-21464-119m0o6_1558470127.jpg?1558470130","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-yalemssa.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/040/044/original/open-uri20190521-21464-119m0o6.mp4v?1558470127","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":1799.453,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["ms_1818_episode_N405_alignedtranscript [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"NATALIE MERCHANT, 10,000 Maniacs: Hello, this is Natalie Merchant of 10,000 Maniacs and you're watching South Africa Now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=48.0,101.07"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ANNOUNCER: Globalvision presents the television news magazine of Southern Africa. This week, South Africa Now presents these stories: Diamonds are South Africa's best friend and yet, it is unlikely that sanctions will cover their importation. We'll tell you why in an investigative report.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=53.09,96.15"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARTIN RAPPAPORT, Publisher, \"Rappaport Diamond Report\": Sanctions, as they were applied in a very broad-brush manner, of course weren't very good because there was no way for the customs people to verify what were South African diamonds and what were not South African diamonds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=96.17,109.23"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ANNOUNCER: TV commercials in South Africa. One sign of change: multiracial ads are starting to appear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=109.23,117.3"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SANDILE MEMELA, Journalist: For advertising to put an emphasis on the similarities that exists between the black middle- class and its white culture — white counterpart; something that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=117.4,129.92"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should be embraced with doubt and misgiving. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=129.94,134.34"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ANNOUNCER: And in our culture section, it hit the top of the charts in England. And now, for the First time in this country, rocker Eddie Grant focuses in on apartheid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=142.61,152.91"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All of these stories, and more, this week. But first, the uncensored news with Carolyn Craven and Fana Kekana ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=162.38,168.95"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CAROLYN CRAVEN, South Africa Now: In what appears to be a direct response to protests from the American anti-apartheid movement, South African President F.W. deKlerk has canceled his June 18th visit to the United States. Reports say deKlerk was unwilling to risk a confrontation with activists who have opposed a planned White House meeting with President Bush. deKlerk also reportedly feared unflattering television images of anti-apartheid protests. White House spokesman Marlon Fitzwater said the South African government also cited controversy over the timing of the Bush-deKlerk meeting, which was due to take place the week before Nelson Mandela's arrival — perceived by many as a snub to the ANC leader.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=168.95,212.31"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newsline: U.S. Visit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=213.31,214.33"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FANA KEKANA, South Africa Now: Meanwhile, deKlerk returned from his European tour declaring victory, saying he had convinced European leaders that the South African government is serious about change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=214.35,222.62"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KEKANA: [voice-over] The European community is expected to lift some sanctions at its upcoming meeting in Dublin, on June 26th. The F.W.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=222.62,235.21"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"DeKLERK, \"New York Times\" Columnist: [Johannesburg, May 26, 1990] We are believed countries most likely to agree to deKlerk's request are England, France, Italy, Greece, Portugal and the Netherlands. Mandela says he plans to visit the same countries that hosted deKlerk and ask them to keep the pressure on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=235.23,251.05"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On his return to South Africa, deKlerk was greeted by a rally of 50,000 right-wing whites, who oppose the government's dialogue with the ANC and any reform of the apartheid system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=251.95,264.24"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which has already been unjustly been [sic] given away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=271.77,275.98"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KEKANA: They gathered outside Pretoria at the Voortrekker Monument — a monument to Afrikaaner nationalism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=276.18,282.6"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newsline: U.S.A. Tour","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=282.78,282.95"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CRAVEN: The planning for Nelson Mandela's visit to the United States is moving into high gear. As we were preparing this program, Mandela entered a Johannesburg hospital for what was described as minor surgery, to be followed by a week of rest. This is not expected to interfere with Mandela's extensive plans to travel abroad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=282.97,302.26"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[voice-over]: [Sheraton Center, New York City, May 21, 1990] In New York, community leaders are organizing a major reception for the ANC leader when he arrives in the U.S. on June 20th.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=302.3,310.24"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"DAVID DINKINS, Mayor, New York City: The plans were getting underway for what is going to be the most magnificent effort that this city has ever seen. Folks are going to know that he has been here, when he leaves. It's going to be fabulous. And I want you to know that the City of New York is a hundred percent behind this effort and is going to be very much involved. And everyone will know that that is what we wish and that we are all together in this. He is an international hero. And he's our hero. And folks need to know that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=310.26,343.56"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LINDIWEMABUZA, African National Congress Representative to the U.S.: And he comes here not just as a leader of the people of South Africa, but as a world leader. And you have made him a world leader.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=343.58,357.69"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"AN DRIES TREUNICHT, Conservative Party Leader: Pretoria, May 26, 1990] We shall not accept the threatened destruction of our nation's freedom but will fight to restore that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=357.71,358.77"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KEKANA: Jerry Richardson, the former coach of the Mandela United Football Club, which acted as bodyguards for Winnie Mandela, has been convicted of murdering 14-year-old activist Stompie Mokhetsi. The Mokhetsi family celebrated the verdict outside the courthouse. The case has focused attention on Mrs. Mandela, who was accused by witnesses of taking part in a beating of Mokhetsi. Mrs. Mandela has repeatedly denied the accusations and Nelson Mandela has denounced what he calls a government-sponsored campaign against his wife. Frontline Focus","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=357.7,391.28"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"JOSEPH DIESCHO, South Africa Now: I'm Joseph Diescho. In this week's Frontline Focus, massacre in Zaire, a country considered to be a friend by both South Africa and the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=391.28,401.04"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[voice-over]: The Times of Zambia reports that 150 students at Lumbashi University were bayoneted to death in a massacre carried out by national guardsmen, after protesting the reign of that country's dictator, Mobutu Seso Seko.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=401.1,414.97"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MUKE BABAHU, Zairean Student Activist: Now that, you know, the world is opening to the democratic society, Mobutu doesn't find his place. And all the students are, you know, are just there to show this demand for democracy and that hurts Mobutu because he doesn't want to go in that way. Mobutu still wants, you know, an authoritarian regime where he is the only person who can decide on life or death of any citizen of Zaire.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=414.89,449.25"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"DIESCHO: The Zairean government, while saying it would consider an investigation, claims only one person was killed in what it called a brawl among students. We'll have more on this story next week.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=449.95,461.27"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CRAVEN: White South African journalist and civil rights activist Donald Woods will return to South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=461.87,468.02"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[voice-over]: [clip from \"Cry Freedom\"] Woods' escape from South Africa and friendship with black consciousness leader Steven Biko was portrayed in the film \"CryFreedom.\" Woods, seen here testifying in Congress, plans to return home from exile in London, after receiving assurances from President deKlerk that he can do so without reprisal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=468.82,487.78"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[on camera]: Meanwhile, on South African television, more and more blacks are beginning to appear in ads on the South African Broadcasting Corporation. It's worth noting that South African Broadcasting, which remains under government control, is promoting images of racial integration. Here's how the story is being reported on the SABC.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=488.41,508.32"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ANTON ENUS, South African Broadcasting Corp.: In South Africa, television is a mere 15 years old, the TV commercial industry, even younger. With changing political norms, we've seen the rise of TV commercials showing greater racial mixing. The question that arises is whether this is a true reflection of South African society, or whether it's just clever marketing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=508.34,528.76"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"TIM BESTER, Ad Agency Chairman: From an audience point of view, blacks are getting more buying power and it's important, really, just to reflect the reality of your market.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=528.77,535.96"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mr. ENUS: [voice-over] [South African Television Report] Horace Mpanza and Madala Mphahlele have definite views on whether or not mixed commercials accurately reflect the world around us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=535.98,543.99"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MADALA MPHAHLELE, Strategic Planning Director: I don't think a lot of ads that we see are a time reflection of reality— as such — as exists in South Africa at this time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=544.0,551.17"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"HORACE MPANZA, Creative Director: [voice-over] [clip from integrated commercial] Here is an opportunity to dream, to escape from your drudgery, from your everyday world and, indeed, what if this guy does it, actually, just once a year. I think it's clear evidence that he is in the part of audience that is aspirational to him. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=551.3,574.03"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"REG LASCARIS, Ad Agency Managing Director: [voice-over] If you're a hundred percent away from reality, you're being unrealistic and things are unrealistic to start with.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=574.03,578.54"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[on camera]: I think, yes, you have to be ahead and you have to create the new norms but, at the same time, if you—people will reject it [unintelligible].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=578.54,587.57"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GRAHAM LANGMEAD, Ad Agency Managing Director: We live by aspirations. If we were to merely portray what is taking place today, it would be a very boring commercial.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=587.76,596.82"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[voice-over]: [clips from commercials] There are so many places that the mixture is actually taking place in this day and age that South Africa is becoming color blind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=597.47,604.32"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mr.ENUS: [voice-over] In a widely distributed paper on integrated advertising, journalist and former communications executive Sandile Memela expressed severe doubts about the honesty and relevance of some mixed commercials.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=605.01,617.4"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[graphic]: 'The Challenge of the 90's Decade to Integrated Advertising in S.A.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=617.42,617.92"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SANDILE MEMELA, Journalist: And for advertising to put an emphasis on the similarities that exist between the black middle- class and its white culture — white counterpart — something that should be embraced with doubt and misgiving.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=617.94,634.99"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mr.LASCARIS: Forget color, look at groups of people based on education and based on profession. The higher up you go, the more Westernized people, the Westernized way people behave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=635.22,646.57"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[voice-over]: The lower down you go, obviously, you get into very unsophisticated people, in a lot of cases rural people and they live a different lifestyle. Mr.ENUS: It appears the concept of black and white together,so unacceptable just a few years ago, is now an everyday occurrence in South Africa. This is Anton Enus, in Johannesburg, South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=647.17,663.8"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In Depth: Diamond Industry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=673.7,673.92"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"KEKANA: Diamonds are South Africa's best friend — they've made the country rich and yet they are not now, and are unlikely to be, on the list of sanctioned goods. Why? It's a complex story of politics and power. South Africa Now's executive editor, Eric Nadler explains.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=674.09,691.17"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ERIC NADLER, South Africa Now: [voice-over] Diamonds, they are a multi-billion-dollar business controlled by a South African company, DeBeers, the world's oldest cartel, which markets 80 percent of the planet's diamond supplies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=692.03,709.19"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[on camera]: Forty-seventh Street in Manhattan, the heart of New York City's diamond district. Every day, millions of dollars worth of precious gems are bought and sold here. South African diamonds are traded here, as well. Despite years of debate on Capitol Hill, over the merits of banning South African diamonds, the flow continues unabated. In this report, we'll tell you how powerful diamond interests have protected the apartheid state's most precious gems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=713.78,742.22"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[voice-over]: South Africa's diamonds were first unearthed around the turn-of-the-century. Cheap labor fueled enormous profits from giant mines like this one, outside Johannesburg. These operations, which exploited black workers, soon established DeBeers as one of the preeminent economic forces in Africa. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=742.28,761.75"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARTIN RAPPAPORT, Publisher, \"Rappaport Diamond Report\": Their economic power is so strong that it is identified with the economic power of the South African government. You know, you can't take DeBeers out of South Africa and you can't take South Africa out of DeBeers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=761.77,774.98"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"NADLER: New York diamond expert Martin Rappaport tracks DeBeers in his influential industry newsletter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=775.1,782.21"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mr.RAPPAPORT: DeBeers is not just DeBeers. DeBeers is a very complicated, interconnecting web of corporations that include Anglo-American and many other companies. I'd say a majority of the companies on the South African Stock Exchange are, one way or the other, controlled by this group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=782.77,800.61"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"NADLER: Today, DeBeers controls most of the world's diamond market, even though South Africa contributes just 11 percent of the international supply — fifth behind these nations:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=800.62,811.76"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[graphic] Australia, Zaire, Botswana and the Soviet Union. The newly-mined, or rough, diamonds are then distributed through DeBeers' central selling organization in London, and sent on to cutting centers in India, Israel, Belgium and the United States. When the U.S. Congress began debating economic sanctions against South Africa in the mid-1980's, Americans were major DeBeers customers. More than $226-million worth of uncut, South African gems were imported to the United States in 1986.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044#t=811.83,834.29"}]},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7149/file/40044/transcript/42565/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/042/565/original/transcript_1681399981.vtt20230413-1906-ktbxox?1681399981","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/042/565/original/transcript_1681399981.vtt20230413-1906-ktbxox?1681399981"}]}]}]}