{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/n872v2cm3g/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Episode N607, 1990 December 12"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/013/original/yale-blue.png?1678220072","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["mssa.ms.1818 (EAD ID)","MS 1818  (Call Number)","ms_1818_b0125.mp4 (Digital Object ID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1990 December 12 (creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["The episode includes: ANC reconsiders its stand on sanctions; Oliver Tambo, president of the ANC, returns to South Africa after thirty years in exile; ANC begins its mass Peace and Freedom Now Campaign to pressure release of political prisoners and end police violence; the ANC and a look at some of the issues the movement is now facing; Zambia adopts multi-party system; Apartheid in its Death Throes (or Death Throes of Apartheid), a new television documentary; Township Fever opens at The Brooklyn Academy of Music. (Scope and Content Note)","https://preservica.library.yale.edu/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;1ce8e94e-10e9-4379-9eda-28d729595571 (Other Finding Aid Note)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Episode N607, 1990 December 12.South Africa Now Collection (MS 1818). Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library.\n\n https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/resources/4528."]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/archival_objects/1537141"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["videocassettes_(u-matic)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library."]}}],"summary":{"en":["The episode includes: ANC reconsiders its stand on sanctions; Oliver Tambo, president of the ANC, returns to South Africa after thirty years in exile; ANC begins its mass Peace and Freedom Now Campaign to pressure release of political prisoners and end police violence; the ANC and a look at some of the issues the movement is now facing; Zambia adopts multi-party system; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eApartheid in its Death Throes\u003c/title\u003e (or \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDeath Throes of Apartheid\u003c/title\u003e), a new television documentary; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTownship Fever\u003c/title\u003e opens at The Brooklyn Academy of Music.","https://preservica.library.yale.edu/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u00261ce8e94e-10e9-4379-9eda-28d729595571"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives Yale University Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives Yale University Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/013/original/yale-blue.png?1678220072","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/040/071/small/open-uri20190521-21464-slfh03_1558470617.jpg?1558470620","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - open-uri20190521-21464-slfh03.mp4v"]},"duration":1847.801,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/040/071/small/open-uri20190521-21464-slfh03_1558470617.jpg?1558470620","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-yalemssa.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/040/071/original/open-uri20190521-21464-slfh03.mp4v?1558470617","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":1847.801,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["ms_1818_b0125_transcript_aligned [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South Africa Now, Air Date: December 12, 1990, Show #607, Transcript #40","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=0.0,31.24559"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eCINDY DLATHU, Actress, \"Township Fever\":\u003c/strong\u003e I am Cindy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=31.24559,32.9"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBRIAN MAZIBUKO, Actor, \"Township Fever\":\u003c/strong\u003e I am Brian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=32.9,33.5"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e MAZIBUKO and DLATHU:\u003c/strong\u003e We are from \"Township Fever\", and you are watching South Africa Now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=33.5,39.74"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eANNOUNCER:\u003c/strong\u003e Globalvision presents the television news magazine of Southern Africa - News, Views, Front-Line Focus, In-Depth Analy­sis, Covering the Coverage, Cultural Features. This week, South Africa Now reports these stories. This is the week that Oliver Tambo, the man who led the ANC during 30 years of exile, returns to a tri­umphant welcome to South Africa. We'll look at the challenges his or­ganization faces on the eve of its first major conference.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=39.74,84.91"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eTOM KARIS, Political Scientist:\u003c/strong\u003e As a movement, it seeks to em­ brace all opponents of apartheid. At the same time, the ANC is trying to turn itself into a political party, and that's a somewhat narrower, more difficult task.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=84.91,101.16"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eANNOUNCER:\u003c/strong\u003e Mass action and renewed bloodshed - that's the es­sence of the situation on the ground. We'll have the latest news.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=101.16,108.11"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMEMBER, African National Congress:\u003c/strong\u003e Our membership is saying that there seems to be an inability, or a not wanting on the part of the state, to actually control this violence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=108.11,116.33"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eANNOUNCER:\u003c/strong\u003e And in our culture section, Township Feuer, the latest play from the creator of Sarafina! It's in New York and winning raves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=116.33,127.9"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMBONGHENI NGEMA, Director, ''Township Fever\":\u003c/strong\u003e I call it \"theater of enlightenment.\" Politically, in South Africa, we've gone so much further that we need to enlighten our people about our situation every day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=127.9,141.17"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eANNOUNCER:\u003c/strong\u003e All of these stories and more, on South Africa Now, but first, the uncensored news with Thandeka Gqubule and Fana Kekana.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=141.17,149.72"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newsline: Sanctions ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=149.72,150.93432"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eFANA KEKANA, South Africa Now:\u003c/strong\u003e Dumeian. The African Nation­ al Congress is reconsidering its stand on sanctions. In a letter ad­dressed to the leaders of a European community, Nelson Mandela asked the European nations not to consider lifting economic sanctions until the ANC evolves its new position with a proposed timetable by their March meeting. The ANC's reconsideration of its pro-sanction stand follows indications that some European countries, impressed with President de Klerk's reform program, are considering lifting sanc­tions. We spoke with political scientist Tom Karis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=150.93432,185.34"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eTOM KARIS, Political Scientist:\u003c/strong\u003e So long as there is a sense that the government has failed to meet its commitments on time - com­mitments it's already made regarding the release of political prisoners and repatriation - to come out, now, for an ending to sanctions appears to these leaders to the ANC as a signal that they are satisfied with the pace, and so I think, mainly for that reason, the argument continues that sanctions should not be released.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=185.34,215.43"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newsline: Tambo Returns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=215.43,215.55"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eTHANDEKA GQUBULE. South Africa Now:\u003c/strong\u003e Oliver Tambo, once Nelson Mandela's law partner and still president of the ANC for 30 years in exile, will be given a triumphant welcome home December 13. Recovering from a stroke, Tambo may be stepping down as ANC leader, but will be taking on a continuing political role. In our back­ ground report this week, we'll look at the challenges his organization faces. Meanwhile, mass action is the ANC's response to stalled mo­mentum in its negotiations with the government. Phillip Tomlinson has this report.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=215.55,256.86"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newsline: ANC Mass Action","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=256.86,257.33"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003ePHILLIP TOMLINSON, South Africa Now:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] Mass mobilization, demonstrations- a11 part of the ANC's new Peace and Freedom Now Campaign, an effort to prod the government into releasing political prisoners and ending police violence. It is sched­uled to last until New Year's Day, and will include an attempted march on Robben Island. This kick-off march in Johannesburg drew thousands of supporters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=257.33,281.76"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003ePROTESTER:\u003c/strong\u003e [Johannesburg, December 8, 1990] -Truly the march to freedom. Among other things, the people demand a con­stituent assembly to establish an internal government so that ne­gotiations can take place. This shows that we are reaching the end of the tunnel, as far as apartheid is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=281.76,299.05"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eTOMLINSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] Among those marching were ANC lead­ ers Ahmed Kathrada, Alfred Nuso [sp?] and Mack Maharaj [sp?], making his first public appearance since being released from deten­tion, charged with being part of a plot to overthrow the government. Later, it was on to John Voster Square, Johannesburg's notorious police station, a place where prisoners have been tortured in the past. Marchers petitioned a government official.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=299.05,333.05"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003ePOLICE OFFICIAL:\u003c/strong\u003e [John Voster Station] I will personally see to it that it gets through Mr. de Klerk. No problems about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=333.05,340.47"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003ePROTESTER:\u003c/strong\u003e We're hoping that they get answered pretty soon, because patience is wearing thin and skepticism is sinking in very, very deeply. So what it means, I think, is a demonstration to show that people's trust - the little bit that did build up - is beginning to wane, and that's very serious.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=340.47,355.97"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eTOMLINSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] Not everyone supports the campaign. The government has implied the demonstrations violate agreements with the ANC. Inkatha chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi denounced the campaign in these words. \"The mass action program of the ANC amounts to political bluster to cover up its inability to get its act to­gether and to move back into South Africa, committed to the politics which South Africans want - the politics of democratic cooperation and decency in striving to normalize South Africa.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=355.97,390.82"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[on camera] Meanwhile, another political rival, the Pan Africanist Congress, recently held a conference where it discussed a possible united front with the ANC. Meanwhile, a joint statement issued De­cember 9 by President F.W. de K.lerk and Nelson Mandela revealed that the two have held several unpublicized meetings to discuss the violence and destabilization of communities. The statement went on to say that significant progress had been made, but protests con­tinue on a smaller scale, like here in Khayelitsha, a shanty town outside Cape Town, where Nelson Mandela added his voice to calls that a non-elected, government-appointed, municipal council step down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=390.82,440.4"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eNELSON MANDELA, African National Congress:\u003c/strong\u003e [Khayelitsha, South Africa, November 30, 1990) I am horrified by the fact that the government has allowed a town council to con­tinue in its duties when no less than nine town councilors have been charged with murder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=440.4,463.51"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eTOMLINSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] Khayelitsha's deputy mayor was killed two days later, and violence continued around the country with more than 70 killed in the Johannesburg area. Earlier, Mandela ex­ pressed concern that efforts for peace were being threatened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=463.51,478.49"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e MANDELA:\u003c/strong\u003e [Johannesburg, South Africa] We are trying to bring about peace. The purpose of the discussions between the Af­rican National Congress and the government is to bring about peace in the country, but if things of this nature are allowed to go on, it is going to be very difficult for us to make that break­ through for which you all are waiting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=478.49,507.02"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eTOMLINSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] Are the police to blame for the continu­ ing violence? Opposition political groups say they are. The ANC released a video which it claimed showed a police vehicle transport­ ing an armed Inkatha leader. This is the video. The Inkatha leader is wearing the red bandana on his head. The government denies the allegations - with law and order minister Adriaan Vlok calling the video \"crude\" and \"thinly disguised\" propaganda - but in the Phola Park squatter camp, the area hardest hit by the recent violence, a community leader gave first-hand details of police involvement in what he called an \"unprovoked\" attack.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=507.02,550.05"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003ePRINCE MHNAMBI, Vice President of Squatters:\u003c/strong\u003e We were fired - the police were firing tear gas at us, and most of our people were then killed by the police, and some of them were hav­ ing injuries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=550.05,559.99"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eTOMLINSON:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] Meanwhile, in places like Phola Park, there is a tense calm as state of emergency measures are instituted at a time when residents continue to suffer a lack of basic services like electricity, water and sewage - all cut off by the local govern­ ment several weeks ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=559.99,580.17"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[on camera] For South Africa Now, this is Phillip Tomlinson reporting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=580.17,583.96"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Front-Line Focus: Zambia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=583.96,584.08"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJOSEPH DIESCHO, South Africa Now:\u003c/strong\u003e I am Joseph Diescho with a Front-Line Focus. Zambia can now be added to the list of frontline states adopting multi-party systems. The Zambian parliament ap­ proved a bill which would now allow the formation of political parties for the first time in 17 years. Recently, Zambian President Kaunda hosted a prayer breakfast in Lusaka that was attended by South Afri­can Foreign Minister Pik Botha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=584.08,610.08949"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003ePIK BOTHA, South African Foreign Minister:\u003c/strong\u003e -praising the black's commitment to remove the last [unintelligible] of apartheid is irreversible. Next February, it's the highest on our priority to remove the group-areas act, finally, and to remove the land acts that discriminate on race, and I believe, in the removing of apartheid, the whites of South Africa are liberating themselves. They're liberating themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=610.08949,640.85"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Covering the Coverage: in Its Death Throes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=640.85,643.72741"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eKEKANA:\u003c/strong\u003e Usually, we critique a lack of network coverage. This week, we want to draw attention to one of a few American long-form televi­sion documentaries on South Africa, airing on public television on De­cember 18. The documentary is called Apartheid in its Death Throes. It features some gripping footage, like this scene in the rural town of Welkom in the Orange free state.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=643.72741,666.8"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eANNOUNCER:\u003c/strong\u003e [\"Apartheid in Its Death Throes,\" produced by World Beat Associates] Isolated incident or opening volley of a war between the races? A deadly serious question, raised by what hap­pened here in the Afrikaner city of Welkom. This was a collision be­tween two nationalisms - black nationalism, its rising militancy fired by new hope in the wake of Nelson Mandela's release and the legalization of political opposition - and Afrikaner nationalism, fueled by the fear of the end of apartheid and of white domination of South Africa. Welkom - where local gun-toting vigilante groups like White Security gave the city its first taste of international notoriety.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=666.8,712.57"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eVIGILANTE:\u003c/strong\u003e We will give the blacks [unintelligible] white neighbors, that's for sure, and we'll see that it's being done prop­erly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=712.57,719.36"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eANNOUNCER:\u003c/strong\u003e Welkom - where national organizations of the ex­ treme right, like the neo-Nazi Afrikaner resistance movement have swelled their ranks with new support.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=719.36,729.08"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eVIGILANTE:\u003c/strong\u003e We are totally against integration. The majority rule, that is out of the question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=729.08,736.18"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eKEKANA:\u003c/strong\u003e Jim Wesley, executive producer of the documentary, gave us his impressions of Welkom.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=736.18,741.04"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eJIM WESLEY, Executive Producer, \"Apartheid in Its Death Throes\":\u003c/strong\u003e The violence there, some of it seemed to be arbitrary, some of it was taking place in the mines. It's very hard to explain why, but it was making everyone very nervous, and- We did get the impression, however, that leaders of both communities were­ they were meeting - and this was one thing that was not covered at all, really, in the press, at least in the United States - the extent to which there had been meetings for months to try and separate the sides, to try and prevent the kind of black-and-white violence that was happening in Welkom.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=741.04,780.29"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In-Depth: The African National Congress","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=780.29,784.8"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eGQUBULE:\u003c/strong\u003e On December 16, the African National Congress holds its first consultative conference in South Africa in 30 years. Legal only since February 2, the ANC is facing serious challenges and internal conflicts as it seeks to build up its organization and map out a strategy, which it hopes will transfer power from the white minority to the black majority. This week, we look at some of the issues the move­ ment is now facing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=784.8,818.46"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eNADIA SMITH, South Africa Now:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] Many of the ANC's own members were in a state of shock, even as they celebrated the unbanning of their organization and the release Nel­ son Mandela. Since then, the ANC has faced major challenges and internal debates over its direction. The first challenge involves translating the wide-spread support the ANC enjoys into a solid or­ganization. Its rallies are well attended, but how many people are actually signing up? The ANC's national organizer, Steve Tshwete, acknowledges the problem, while showing us the progress of the or­ganization's recruitment drive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=818.46,857.96"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSTEVE TSHWETE, ANC National Organizer:\u003c/strong\u003e We are build­ ing in the town, of course, a translation of that mass support that we enjoy into a structured organization of allegiance. That's a challenge that is facing us at the present moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=857.96,877.42"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSMITH:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] While the ANC says that it has, so far, en­ rolled only 150,000 dues-paying members, Tshwete says its support is much broader.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=877.42,887.48"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e TSHWETE:\u003c/strong\u003e The ANC commands, as I've said, the biggest ever support in this country and, if we were to go to the polls tomorrow, we'd beat everybody hands down. We command no less than 80 percent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=887.48,901.56"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSMITH:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] Some observers feel that this projection is simply wishful thinking, particularly in light of the climate of violence and intimidation in which ANC activists are trying to organize.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=901.56,914.48"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eNOMAZIZI SOKUDELA ANC Women's League:\u003c/strong\u003e Some ac­tivists that were charged with the responsibility of signing up membership have had a difficult time. As a matter of fact, one woman comrade came to the ANC office in Durban and said that she could not go back- she wasn't going back to the area because she had run away from attacks. The area of Bophuthatswana is another difficult area. The activists have been under attack by the Bophuthatswana police.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=914.48,952.6"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSMITH:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] There is also an internal debate about strategy. Many militants question an over-reliance on negotiations and the suspension of the arms struggle in the context of continuing violence orchestrated by forces hostile to the ANC.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=952.6,969.06"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eBERNARD NCUBE, Institute for Contextual Theology:\u003c/strong\u003e When the ANC pronounced the suspension of the armed struggle, their carnage spread into other areas, so you could ac­tually see that they were preparing to discredit the leadership at that level. People on the ground were saying, \"If the ANC cannot defend us, why should it be the people's movement?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=969.06,997.05"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSMITH:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] The recently announced mass-action campaign may, in part, be a way for the ANC to engage active support on a grassroots level.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=997.05,1006.3"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e KARIS:\u003c/strong\u003e It can be argued that one way to arouse sentiment and to politicize people is to have them involved in mass campaigns. That certainly can be argued. On the other hand, there is a risk here for the ANC of mobilizing people to engage in these campaigns to stay away from work, if this does not appear to show any immediate results.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1006.3,1034.8"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSMITH:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] In a war-like environment plagued by violence and police complicity, it is difficult for the ANC to control all who profess sympathy with the movement. Nelson Mandela has publicly condemned violence and strong-arm tactics in his own ranks. Youth gangs and so-called comtsotsis, presenting themselves as ANC mem­bers, are accused of committing crimes under the organization's banner. Winnie Mandela has now disbanded Football Club, which was seen in this light, provoking much of the resentment still directed toward her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1034.8,1067.62"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e KARIS:\u003c/strong\u003e When you look back at the events since 1984-des­cribe events which have been well reported, of youthful thugery­ young thugs, sometimes even fairly recently, parading under the banner of the ANC but without, really, any ANC connection or discipline, I think what is really important to emphasize is the degree of discipline among the youth. The maturity of much of the youth leadership is quite remarkable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1067.62,1101.21"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSMITH:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] Another challenge involves resolving internal tensions between ANC leaders returning from exile or prison and those local leaders who have been struggling under the banner of the United Democratic Front. This article 'Weekly Mail,\" November 23, 1990 reports on a public self-criticism session in which the ANC has condemned infighting, clique-ism and factionalism, and \"The Citizen\" December 1990, the undemocratic activities of a so-called cabal. Tom Karis sees this debate as a sign of the organization's vitality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1101.21,1130.68"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e KARIS:\u003c/strong\u003e There is an honest debate. There was a good deal of self-criticism made public at the meetings of the southern ANC regional conference, where leaders were recently elected. To some extent, as I say, this is a competition for the position, and politics in­volves competition for place and position. You have exiles coming back with expectations. There inevitably are personality clashes here, but then, we are seeing a democracy developing here, but then we are seeing a democracy developing here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1130.68,1167.01"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSMITH:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] Democratic accountability is the ultimate chal­lenge. For many years, the ANC operated underground in exile. Now it must become more open and responsive to its members.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1167.01,1179.72"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e KARIS:\u003c/strong\u003e When the ANC came back and some appointments were made, regionally and within the ANC without what ap­peared to some people, adequate consultation, there was a good deal of criticism. There has, however, been continuing effort at consultation at all levels. It has been going on at the branch level and in the regions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1179.72,1200.69"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eANC LEADER:\u003c/strong\u003e The branch executive would take your positions in relation to any issue. We have to take it now to the members to say to the members, \"This is how the natio-\" I mean, \"the branch executive thinks on this particular issue. Is our thinking right? Do you endorse it or do you reject it?\" and the members begin to discuss around that particular body. They might even come with a totally different strategy. At the same time, it is not expected that things can only be coming from the executive. The membership is encouraged to initiate, you know - to initiate a discussion, to initiate campaigns, to say that ''This is what we want, as a branch, to be done\" and it is the duty of the executive leadership to say, \"OK, now go and do it.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1200.69,1251.62"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSMITH:\u003c/strong\u003e Democratic decision-making in consultation takes time, leading to the appearance of indecisiveness among the leadership, but mobilizing mass support has historically been the organization's greatest strength. This is Nadia Smith reporting for South Africa Now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1251.62,1270.97"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Culture: \"Township Fever\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1270.97,1281.95575"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMWELI MZIZI, South Africa Now:\u003c/strong\u003e Remember Sarafina!? That's the Broadway show that dramatized the Soweto uprising and played to rave reviews and full houses across the country. Now, the same direc­tor and company have a new show, Township Feuer, a hot mixture of music, dance and satire laced together with a political message. It's about a young musician who becomes involved in the railway transit­ worker strike of 1987. It opens this week·at Brooklyn's Academy of Music. South Africa Now brings you a special preview.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1281.95575,1324.35"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[voice-over] Township Feuer is the latest work by Mbongheni Ngema and his troop, Committed Artists. Like Sarafina!, it's a mu­sical spiced with a lively soundtrack, exuberant dancing and a story that has translated township rhythms and African traditions into a fast-paced, moving look at the conflicts in South African townships today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1324.35,1349.42"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eTHEMBA MBONANI, Actor:\u003c/strong\u003e It's a combination of the real life of South African situation, so now in theater, we mix information plus entertainment, so that's how we reveal ourselves to the people. I think it does work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1349.42,1373.81"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMZIZI:\u003c/strong\u003e [voice-over] It works, Ngema feels, because of the sense of community that exists at Committed Artists, who live and work to­gether in Johannesburg.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1373.81,1385.11"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMBONGHENI NGEMA, Director, \"Township Fever\":\u003c/strong\u003e Here, you're dealing with people who live with one another, fight, have joy, do everything together, so that you have, actually, a family that is onstage doing their work. They know exactly what the other one is doing because they've gotten used, over a long period of time, to how they respond to one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1385.11,1404.07"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMZIZI:\u003c/strong\u003e In 1987, over 20,000 workers in the government-owned transit system went on strike. One thousand more in the townships boycotted the train. Strikers were fired, kicked out of their hostels, beaten and killed by the police. Township Feuer ignited a con­troversy when it opened in Johannesburg, because it depicted the killing of four scabs by striking workers. Union members felt that Ngema had trivialized the event and portrayed them as un­ disciplined.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1404.07,1453.92"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1st ACTOR:\u003c/strong\u003e I tried to stand against the doorway, and not al­ low the workers to come in, but the people were pushing me aside and went in, straight to the scabs. Someone has got to stop them. They will kill the scabs!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1453.92,1466.05"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e NGEMA:\u003c/strong\u003e I think it is a play that is really very educational, not only to the white community of the world but to the black com­munity of the world, as such, because it touches the most sensitive subjects of confrontation - when brothers confront one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1466.05,1506.69"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1st ACTOR:\u003c/strong\u003e Come out! You scabs must die!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1506.69,1509.26"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2nd ACTOR:\u003c/strong\u003e Hey! But why did you go to work when we are fighting with the management?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1509.26,1517.03"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e3rd ACTOR:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell me, what can a man do when a man is hun­gry?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1517.03,1520.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eACTORS:\u003c/strong\u003e [crowd jeers at scab]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1520.0,1521.57"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2nd ACTOR:\u003c/strong\u003e Please! Give him a chance, please.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1521.57,1526.44973"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eACTORS:\u003c/strong\u003e [crowd jeers] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1526.44973,1528.0763"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e3rd ACTOR:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell me, my wife is in the hospital. She is about to deliver a baby at any moment. ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1528.0763,1534.11232"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[crowd jeers]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1534.11232,1534.43"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e4th ACTOR:\u003c/strong\u003e What about our comrades who are killed by the po­lice in Germiston station? They didn't go to work. [crowd jeers] What about your comrade who died at the [unintelligible] station? They didn't go to work - and you think you can just go to work? ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1534.43,1556.56671"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMr. NGEMA:\u003c/strong\u003e The white people have unleashed us against one another and, really, apartheid, you have seen that it dehumanizes the oppressor and sometimes, as well, the oppressed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1556.56671,1569.56"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eKEKANA:\u003c/strong\u003e That's our show for this week. If you're interested in any of the issues we cover, send a self-addressed, stamped envelope to: South Africa Now, PO Box 1907, Canal Street Station, New York, New York 10013. South Africa Now is produced by Globalvision on a non-profit basis in association with the Africa Fund, a tax-exempt organization providing assistance and relief to victims of apartheid. On behalf of all of us at South Africa Now, I'm Fana Kekana. See you next week.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071#t=1569.56,1601.46"}]},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/50/collection_resources/7177/file/40071/transcript/67546/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/067/546/original/transcript_1717771834.vtt20240607-172609-8b2gu7.vtt20240607-172609-8b2gu7?1717757434","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/067/546/original/transcript_1717771834.vtt20240607-172609-8b2gu7.vtt20240607-172609-8b2gu7?1717757434"}]}]}]}