{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/8g8ff3m72m/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["American Council on Germany, Plaza Hotel, 1996 November 20"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/013/original/yale-blue.png?1678220072","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["mssa.ms.1981 (EAD ID)","MS 1981  (Call Number)","ms_1981_s07_b0910.u.mov (Digital Object ID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["videocassettes_(vhs)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1996 November 20 (Creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["https://preservica.library.yale.edu/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;8b87a96b-d54a-45fa-8516-31a0e4daf4d2 (Other Finding Aid Note)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":[]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["The materials are open for research.","Researchers must register and agree to the Yale University Library User Agreement for Special Collections before accessing audiovisual material in this collection."]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library."]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/archival_objects/2076695"]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["American Council on Germany, Plaza Hotel, 1996 November 20. Henry A. Kissinger Papers, Part II (MS 1981). Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library. https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/resources/5211."]}}],"summary":{"en":["https://preservica.library.yale.edu/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u00268b87a96b-d54a-45fa-8516-31a0e4daf4d2"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["The materials are open for research.","Researchers must register and agree to the Yale University Library User Agreement for Special Collections before accessing audiovisual material in this collection."]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives Yale University Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives Yale University Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/013/original/yale-blue.png?1678220072","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/072/925/small/open-uri20200228-764-1z07bei_1582903623.jpg?1582885623","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - open-uri20200228-764-1z07bei.mov"]},"duration":4589.90333,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/072/925/small/open-uri20200228-764-1z07bei_1582903623.jpg?1582885623","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-yalemssa.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/072/925/original/open-uri20200228-764-1z07bei.mov?1582885623","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":4589.90333,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["ms_1981_s07_b0910_transcript.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\u003e\u003e [FOREIGN]\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Ladies and gentlemen, I would like to take this moment to welcome you all, and especially the few people that [INAUDIBLE]. [FOREIGN]\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Let me just say we're gonna save time tonight every way, because this is a wonderful group. There are a lot of people who want to say something tonight.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=355.0,401.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd so we will be, I think, short, but also sweet. Secretary General, we're very glad to have you with us tonight, Secretary General.\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e And now let me ask you, let me just cut through by this, please. And we'll have some room for wonderful, heartfelt applause at the end.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=401.0,432.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNow Mr. [INAUDIBLE], and Mr. [INAUDIBLE], Ambassador [INAUDIBLE], Ambassador [INAUDIBLE], Maestro [INAUDIBLE], Marian Countess [INAUDIBLE]. And Senator Mack Mathias and also I would like to really congratulate Goldman who has been the chair of the steering committee that has put all of this together. Ladies and gentlemen welcome to you all.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=432.0,464.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e And now a special welcome to the Kissinger family, Nancy Kissinger, Lou is here tonight. [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Walter Kissinger, Henry's brother.\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e And finally, Mrs. Louis Kissinger, Henry's mother.\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Ladies and gentleman if I could ask you to stand. Secretary Henry Kissinger, we are so glad that you could be with us tonight.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=464.0,529.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Standing ovation in grateful tribute to a man who has given so much to his country. I always pick my own words and I've been trying to be an example to everybody else. But, as a soldier.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e That's a civilised way of saying it.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=529.0,553.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e As a soldier, I recognize and admire Henry Kissencher's extraordinary act of understanding of the meaning of power, policy, and politics and how they work in the international system. His briefly pragmatic articulation of that understanding over long passage time, and a long serious of events is nothing that I know, and I'm sure you admire very much in his standard.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=553.0,583.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIt be fitting that present of the United States as chosen to send the first low message, congratulations to him, and I will read that message now. From the White House, dated today. I am delighted to join the members of the American Council on Germany in paying tribute to Dr. Henry Kissinger as one of America's foremost statesmen.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=583.0,606.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nDr. Kissinger has played a vital role in shaping our nation's modern diplomatic history. His ability to negotiate effectively, along with his keen awareness of the concerns of America's allies were pillars in the policies that ultimately led to democracy's triumph in the Cold War. Those of us who grapple with the conflict foreign policy issues facing our country, appreciate his continuing contributions to our national security and value his stead fast advocacy in American internationalism.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=606.0,644.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIt is a especially fitting that the American Council on Germany has chosen to honor Dr. Kissinger for his support for his strong and productive support of US American ties. A close friend of the council's founder, John G McCloy, Dr. Kissinger understands the importance of German American relationship to world stability and has done much to reaffirm that relationship.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=644.0,672.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI know that Dr. Kissinger as a board member of the American Council on Germany will continue to strengthen the friendship between the two countries. And I congratulate him on this great honor, signed Bill Clinton. [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e And now ladies and gentlemen, may I introduce to you Chancellor' Kroloff, Aambassador from the Republic of Germany to the United States who will read a message to you also.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=672.0,710.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd introducing him, may I thank him for being such a good friend of the American counsel in Germany. And after the Chancellor's message, we will continue our dinner and then, at a certain time, take over for and. Mr. Ambassador, please take the stand. Thank you very much [APPLAUSE]\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=710.0,740.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e Ladies and gentlemen, I just want to read to you a couple of letters from\n\u003e\u003e To really feel along different with along and successful political career, particularly as a city of state of United States of America to make that housing contribution, to also intensifying German-American relations. The transient between Germany and United States of America second world war as given by citizens of the United States for the needy German people.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=740.0,777.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe Marshall Plan and the Berlin airlift was one of the crucial requisites for peace and freedom over the last few decades and for the attainment of German unity. [INAUDIBLE]\nParticularly you of your own priority. Yours sincerely, Edward.\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e [INAUDIBLE] Business in the United States to join to answer the call [INAUDIBLE] you've done, distinction to German [INAUDIBLE]\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=777.0,835.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e At this time of the meeting now I'm in great honor to say a couple of words about some of you have known for 28 years since we\n\u003e\u003e Worked together in Secretary of Defense McNamara's office. I was there to get on papers. I was a writer and he was more a director.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=835.0,866.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBut I'm proud to have known him over these three decades. I'm very proud\n\u003e\u003e And as all of you know, they cover up as many Ambassador to Germany in recent years. He has been a negotiator who might thought up in all that his done\n\u003e\u003e And I would like to remind you, I'm sure you'll remember this anyway, but I'd like to remind you that it is precisely to the day, a year since the Dayton agreements were signed.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=866.0,904.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd in fact, has come to us tonight directly from. I think directly from where there was another meeting to discuss the furtherance of the Dayton Agreements. So it gives me the greatest pleasure and great sense of honor. [INAUDIBLE] to introduce at this time my old friend, ambassador to the one of the of the highest profile in this country today, [INAUDIBLE].\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=904.0,941.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Thank you [INAUDIBLE]\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Thank you so much, General Dr and Mrs Kissinger. Mrs Kissinger Sector general Boutros Boutros-Ghali fellow democrats.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Paul Vogel recently asked Henry Kissinger if he though political elite was in decline and he replied, no but I'm getting lonely.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=941.0,978.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e I am truly honored by Jack Alvin's invitation to join you tonight that's true I came from Dayton. Where we were commemorating first anniversary of the agreement and talking about where we go from here. But this was not a hard decision on a private citizen now.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=978.0,1007.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd the chance to honor Henry Kissencher, who I've known for 30 years was something that I did not want to turn down. We go back a long way. We first met in Vietnam when I was a Journey of Foreign Service Officer and he was already the most distinguished members of the American Academic Community.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1007.0,1031.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd an advisor to the Johnson Administration and our paths crossed many times, not all is on the same side. But I'm glad to say, usually on the same side and above all, in regard to two issues. A central concern to both him and me and that is China and Germany.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1031.0,1054.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd he and I and Nancy Kissinger have been together in both countries and I'm particularly grateful to him. For his help when quite unexpectedly sector Christopher and President Clinton asked me to go Germany as ambassador in May of 1993. A job which I never had thought would ever be offered to me and never thought about my first call after I received the offer was to my mother who as many of you know was born in Germany and left in 1933 and never returned.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1054.0,1094.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHer answer falling back on a native tongue was [FOREIGN]\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Then I called Henry Kissinger. After a long pause after he absorbed the news he said [FOREIGN]. That by the way, exhaust my own German.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Henry was enormously supportive. He said the first thing, first he sent messages to the German government, as investor Crowbug who was then political director that the German prime minister knows.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1094.0,1137.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSaying, even though I knew nothing about Germany, the Germans should give me a chance.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e He then sent message to the chancellor and to other Germans, including Hans-Dietrich Genscher. And gave me a great deal of advice, all of which, and I'm not joking, I followed carefully.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1137.0,1158.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nTo be with Henry in Germany is it's an extraordinary experience, he speaks to the Germans as an American. But with the special understanding and one which is so important to all of us. I think it's very fitting that this great organization with which I'm proud to be associated.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1158.0,1180.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWith it's roots in the John McCloy era but looking to the future honors Henry the Ninth. I'm intensely grateful to him. One of the many things we tried to do during my Ambassadorship in Germany was to find ways to have a transition from the era of John McCloy to the post Cold War era.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1180.0,1204.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe era when there would be no more American troops in Berlin and the American troop presence in Germany would be reduced, as it now is. And on my last weekend in Germany, in Berlin, as the American, British and French troops left Berlin for the last time, and a very solemn ceremony.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1204.0,1227.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWe inaugurated an attempt to leave a legacy behind in Germany, and particular in Berlin, called the American academy of Berlin, to be modeled after the American academy of Rome. I was very delighted that Henry Kissinger joined President Richard [INAUDIBLE]. And being the co-chairman of this enterprise which is still on the process of being formed, and which is recently ask me to join its board as its chairman.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1227.0,1257.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nMany of you in this room have already been supportive of this effort will collect the rest of your names at the door.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e But this is an important effort, and the fact that Henry Kissinger's associated with it, I think, says a great deal about the fact that he not only is a living testament to the past relationship.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1257.0,1280.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBut like all of us in this room is trying to look to the future. How we build an enduring tie for a new generation of Americans and Germans who will soon only back on the cold war as receding memory that grows ever more distant. Those of you in this room don't need to be told about the relationship but.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1280.0,1304.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe next generation will be and projects like this are very important. So Henry, I thank you again for your support and your friendship. Your advice and Nancy's friendship, and it's wonderful to see your mother here. And I'm honored to be part of this wonderful evening. Thank you very much.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1304.0,1325.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e And we are lucky enough ladies and gentlemen to have with us the foreign minister somebody that in my years in Germany I grew to admire greatly. He is the man who has established the record that nobody can match in terms of free service to his country in that position and indeed in comparison with anybody around the world.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1325.0,1364.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSo without further I do I'd like to ask Henry [INAUDIBLE] to come and take the podium. Thank you for being with us Mr. [INAUDIBLE], good night.\n\u003e\u003e Ladies and gentlemen here Henry, Kissinger family. When the American Council on Germany asked me to hold a speech, I was informed tonight that I have to make remarks of his speech.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1364.0,1399.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIn honor of Henry Kissinger, I immediately agreed. This great pleasure. I say this not only because I belong to those three god Henry Kissinger is an outstanding statesman, is a brilliant historian, and political analyst. Henry Kissinger is an old and good friend of mine and it's more important.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1399.0,1424.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHe was my mentor. He introduced me into the art of diplomacy. Not many can lay claim on this. I met Henry Kissinger for the first time In after his famous press conference in Salzburg. In summer of 1974 shortly after he had been appointed foreign minister. At that time America went through extremely difficult period.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1424.0,1455.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIn this month, Henry Kissinger rendered this country great services into the seasonal period under President Gerald Ford took office in August 74. In particular, he clearly indicated this was important for us in Germany. To the Soviet Union that any ever attempt to exploit this period of America's weakness was doomed to failure.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1455.0,1482.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHenry Kissinger's importance forever extended far beyond the area of foreign policy. In those days, I used to explain this was the image of a circus tent in which Kissinger performed the most daring artistic feats. And as the circus top high above the spectators. So public gaze is spellbound upwards to the unique artist and no longer sees the present below entangled in this fight for political survival.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1482.0,1513.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHenry Kissinger did not only impress me with his outstanding professional skills already at our first meeting. At that meeting I was in the chair of the European community. And I had to explain to the American secretary, that we the Europeans would start the so-called European-Arab dialogue. Henry was totally opposed to this idea.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1513.0,1540.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI had to explain to him this is the best idea we Europeans ever had.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e In order to give his young colleague a chance to tell his colleagues he had the success. He said finally, good Mr. Minister, I agree. This dialogue of course is totally useless but fortunately not very dangerous.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1540.0,1568.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Although he were the undisputed star amongst the foreign ministers he never exploited his reputation or the importance of the country he represented. From the very beginning, Henry tried to establish a good working personal relationship with the new German colleague. His good working relationship became a true and long lasting friendship.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1568.0,1599.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHenry Kissinger's open and constructive attitude toward Germany was anything but self evident. In 83, Henry and his family had to leave their hometown of Feurth in Germany under terrible circumstances. Seven years later, Henry Kissinger returned to a totally destroyed Germany, now is an American citizen and is a member of the American troops.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1599.0,1627.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nDespite all what had happened to him and his family. Henry played a major role within the strategic community of the post-war America in explaining and analyzing the problems of German and European politics with objectivity and without any bitterness. Almost exactly 30 years ago, Henry Kissinger predicted in one of his brilliant articles on the German question as a problem of European and international security.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1627.0,1661.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThat German unity would come as a result of a long process and following fundamental changes in East-West relations including diminishing role of frontiers in Europe. Already at that time, Henry Kissinger was convinced that any progress toward German unity could only be achieved in European context and including the United States.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1661.0,1691.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nRereading this article and comparing it with the events taking place in 1989 and 90 one can only admire the vision of the author. It was due to his deep understanding of Germany and Europe that Henry Kissinger could play a key role in shaping East-West relations during the formative period of the early 70s.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1691.0,1719.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nDuring negotiations in the CSCE Final Act. He supported the particular German interest in introducing a clause concerning the possibility of the peaceful change of existing borders in Europe. We owe it to Henry Kissinger's understanding and the America support that despite strong Soviet resistance, principle peaceful change was ultimately accepted by all CSCE states.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1719.0,1752.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIts consequences went far beyond Helsinki, and Henry's term of office. The recognition of the principle of peaceful change became an essential precondition for keeping open the option for overcoming the division of Germany. For me, a newly appointed foreign minister. The way in which Henry Kissinger handled the question of peaceful change proved how seriously the United States took the particular concerns of divided German nation in the center of Europe.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1752.0,1791.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThis experience had been confirmed in the decisive years of 89 and 90. The strong support of American people and the American government in particular. President Bush, and Secretary Baker were essential per-condition for the German unity. There are many examples of Henry Kissinger's firmness whenever vital German interests yeah, it stayed during the period of the Cold War.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1791.0,1827.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI would only like to quote one, in July of 74 I went to Sacramento in order to meet President Nixon. When Henry Kissinger and I were waiting for the President, we were informed that transit on the motor way between Federal Republic of Germany and West Berlin had been stopped.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1827.0,1848.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIn this dramatic situation, I witnessed the manner in which Henry Kissinger used the horrid weight of the world power United States in order to safeguard our common interests. He immediately instructed his close collaborator to stop the ongoing talks between the United States and the so-called GDR on the establishment of diplomatic relations.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1848.0,1877.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nFurthermore, Swiss collaborator Hartmann, he let the Soviets know that the United States would regard any further impediment of transit from the Federal Republic of [INAUDIBLE] to Berlin as a matter between themselves and the Soviet Union. Henry Kissinger's determined and clear reaction made a deep impression on me, fortunately not only on me.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1877.0,1904.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHenry Kissinger's attitude towards Germany and Europe had always been determined by his deep conviction that the fate of Europe is of vital importance for America. Already, in his brilliant analysis Dating from 65 once a troubled partnership Henry Kissinger had pointed out that the close relationship between America and Europe is an essential precondition for a stable world order based on the principles of democracy, union rights and the rule of law.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1904.0,1941.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThat remains true all the after the end of the division of Germany and Europe. Again and again, Henry Kissinger has explained to Americans and to Europeans that they're no partners in world politics where have more in common than Europe and the America. After the end of the Cold War, and on the threshold to the 21st Century, Europe and America are facing new challenges on a global scale.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1941.0,1972.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThey will only meet them and contribute to a stable, cooperative world order by acting closely together. Henry Kissinger has taught us that are no simple answers to complex questions. He never believed that blueprints of all master plans are of any use to foreign policy. That is also my conviction and this all it's more true in an ever complex world.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1972.0,1999.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nFor even any successful foreign policy has to rely on the sound balance between pursuit of our interests and respect for our common values, peace, democracy, and freedom for mankind, that applies to America and it applies to Europe. It's the end of his great book on diplomacy, Henry Kissinger quotes the Spanish proverb in order to highlight the particular difficult character of diplomacy.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=1999.0,2032.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nQuote, traveler, there are no roads, roads are made by walking. This is true but the more complex our world becomes, the more we need personalities who know where we come from and the direction we should take. Henry Kissinger is such a personality. Dear Henry, we have every real reason to thank you for what you achieved, not only for your country but also for Germany and Europe.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2032.0,2068.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSo we may need you and your advice also in future in America, as well as in Europe. Thank you very much.\n\u003e\u003e Thank you minister Genscher. I now have the great honor to the introduce one of Henry Kissinger's closest friends and compatriots. A woman who helped to found and to publish over the years the great weekly newspaper Die Zeit and who has been its guidance director for a long time.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2068.0,2101.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nA woman we are very happy to have among us here tonight, Marion Countess Doenhoff.\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Yeah, Henry, my thoughts go back forty years. It was in 1955, we met for the first time in Harvard through Ian Armstrong the editor for foreign affairs. You were then a young academician who only a year before, had got his PhD.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2101.0,2140.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI was fascinated by Henry's brilliant intellect and his worldwide interest in politics. Hence I felt this relationship not, absolutely not vanish, we should continue it. He promised to let me know when next time he comes to Germany. When he came next time I invited him to Bonn. I invited him for lunch to the best restaurant, which then existed.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2140.0,2171.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWe had a delicious meal, drank a lot, and talked endlessly. I can't quite remember what it was all about, but unforgettable was his answer to my question, what kind of person is Mr.? Henry's answer, ihe is one who knows everything and nothing else.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Eventually, we had to leave, but when I opened my purse in order to pay I grew pale.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2171.0,2208.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThere was nothing in my purse.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Henry deadpan reaction was [FOREIGN].\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e And he paid the bill. His first book, World of the Storm appeared in 1957. I was present when he gave his first speech in Berlin, the Wallenberg lecture, where he referred to that book.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2208.0,2254.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHe mentioned how impatient he had waited for the first review. When it eventually appeared the reviewer according to Henry wrote, I do not know whether this author is a great author I only know that he who reads this book must a great reader. I don't know anyone, as quick in his reactions and as pertinent in his remarks as Henry Kissinger.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2254.0,2294.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWhen in 75, Walther Scheel as Bundespräsident presented Jack McCloy in honor of his 80th birthday with a donation, which later became known as the Jack McCloy Foundation. Kissinger gave a luncheon. He had just returned from one of his many journeys to the near East, as usual, overburdened with problems.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2294.0,2328.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nEverybody therefore waited with great attention when he began saying my worst worrying problem has always been the act of the American Constitution which doesn't allow me to become a candidate for the US Presidency-\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Because I was not born in this country. But, he went on, now I have found a solution.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2328.0,2355.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI propose that Bavaria, where Strauss was ruling be attached to the United States.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e As the 54th state, and looking at Walther Scheel he said, from what I hear I think Mr. President that this might also solve some of your problems.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Of Henry Kissinger's many achievements, I admire most that he succeeded in changing America's intellectual approach.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2355.0,2402.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nTo foreign policy. And to Kissinger Kennedy's efforts notwithstanding, the rather simplistic ideology of John Foster Dulles, who divided the world in good and bad people still prevails. Remember that Dulles refused to shake hands with Zhou En-lai because he was a communist and Dean Rusk insisted that Taiwan was 50 million people, was China.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2402.0,2434.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWhile mainland China was then 1,800 million, Chinese did not exist. Last year, Fritz Stern and I were invited for a weekend to Henry's datcha.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e We spent an exciting evening together, discussing world affairs in all their aspects. This went on next morning over by breakfast. Somehow we eventually got to the question, if an individual can influence the cause of history?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2434.0,2475.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nMy argument, take Hitler, he was badly wounded in the first World War if he had been killed, there would have been no Nazis in Germany. Perhaps an authoritarian government is in Poland, Portugal or Italy at the time, but no Nazism. If no Nazism then the World War II would not have taken place.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2475.0,2501.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIf no World War II, then no partition of Europe. I went on and on with my escalation, suddenly, one could hear Henry's voice and then I will be [FOREIGN].\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n[APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e I was told I should now say I lift my glass in order to drink to Henry's health but I have no glass.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2501.0,2535.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n[APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e So Henry we lift our glass to you anyway. Now, I would I'd like to say that I was present one time when someone introduced Henry Kissinger. I think it was in Stuttgart, and I learned something from that, because that person said, Everybody in the room knows Henry Kissinger, and so there is really no need for me to say anything.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2535.0,2588.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSo ladies and gentlemen, Henry Kissinger and Henry got up, and it was rather quiet in there and he looked around for a while and said I suppose, no, he didn't say, I suppose. He said, I suppose.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e That that was a good introduction, but a few superlatives would have been all right.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2588.0,2613.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH] I was in a very distant, isolated place with him once time when we landed in an airplane to get some fuel. And I never have mentioned this anywhere, but it was something that really affected me very much about Henry Kissinger. There are lots of things that are said about Henry Kissinger and his superb ego.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2613.0,2649.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e We got off this plane because the plane had to refuel and there was nothing to do but walk around. But it turned out that a husband and wife television team was there, and somehow or other, they had heard that an important person was on this airplane.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2649.0,2668.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBut they didn't know who the important person was. And Henry and I were walking through the airport and they stopped us, and said something like, we know that there's an important person on this plane. And we would like to just interview that person, if that would be possible.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2668.0,2690.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd they were very polite people. They're also absolutely naive. It's unbelievable how naive.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Look, the media is always naive, but not this naive. So anyway-\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e I just thought it was wonderful, because Henry said, or I said something like the important person is Henry Kissinger and here he is.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2690.0,2709.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd so they said, well, we would like to ask you some questions and then they stumbled all over themselves and Henry says, well a good question would be this and he gave them a question.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH].\n\u003e\u003e And so they said Would you answer my question? He said, yes, and as a matter of fact I have an answer for you guys.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2709.0,2740.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e And anyway, not like that, but it was just so wonderful because he could have said, these people can't do anything for me what's they really couldn't do. I mean this is a very, very, very local place in the world. I don't even wanna mention it, it is so small.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2740.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBut he doesn't make this summary from that place either.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e But I really did. I thought it was so good at [INAUDIBLE] the way he handled it. I really, that's just a little minor point but I gained a lot more respect for him for that. And so now ladies and gentlemen, if I can take this opportunity to introduce to you tonight the [FOREIGN] Henry Kissinger.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2760.0,2791.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n[APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Mr chairman, Hans Dietrich, Marion and friends, Secretary General, so many distinguished guests, [COUGH] and all the billion remarks that have been attributed to me.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e [COUGH] Including by my old friend there the and you'll do him a great favor if you don't spread the word that he and I were usually on the same side.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2791.0,2851.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n[APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e I find myself in the position in which I once was at the reception, when a lady came up to me and said I understand you are a fascinating man, she said.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Fascinate me. [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e It turned into one of the less successful [INAUDIBLE].\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2851.0,2903.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e That I have had.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e I find this evening a very moving occasion. The fact that my mother can be here, and my brother, taking us back to our youth in Germany. That fact that Hans-Dietrich Genscher, my colleague and friend, came across the Atlantic to make that speech.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2903.0,2949.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd Marion Donhoff, whom I have been meeting for 40 years. I occasionally have an influence on her writings for about three weeks.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH].\n\u003e\u003e And then she backslides again.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e None of which has ever affected my affection. Indeed on one of the birthday celebrations that I had the honor to attend.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=2949.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI said about Marion that in the Jewish mythology, there's a saying that this sinful world is being preserved by God. Because at any one time, there are ten just men or women in this world which make it worth saving, Marion is certainly one of them.\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Hans-Dietrich Genscher, with whom I had the honor to work for a number of years and then to observe for several decades thereafter.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3000.0,3056.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHas made an extraordinary contribution. To be foreign minister of a divided country is an extraordinarily difficult task. On the one hand Germany's position depended on close ties to the alliance. On the other, any German foreign minister had to keep alive the principle of unification. And no matter what any of us would say, German unification had to be more concern for Germans than for Germany's friends.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3056.0,3109.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNo matter how serious they took it. So, there was always the danger that a German Foreign Minister pursuing the inevitable objectives of Germany. Might be misunderstood as conducting a largely nationalist policy. Hans-Dietrich conducted his policy with enormous delicacy. A friend of America devoted to the alliance. And nevertheless never losing sight of the long range necessities of his own people.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3109.0,3161.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAbout two years ago I had the privilege of attending a weekend in Halle, Hans-Dietrich's birthplace. It came about in the following manner. Hans-Dietrich had the habit of telling all the ministers or heads of state he dealt with. Of asking them to promise him that they would go with him to Halle whenever Germany was unified.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3161.0,3204.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIt was an easy promise for us to make\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Because we thought it would never happen.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e So Hans-Dietrich had asked me to make that promise. And he had asked Gorbachev to make that promise. Which I must say took some nerve.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Considering that East Germany at that time was under Communist rule.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3204.0,3234.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIt was a triumph of faith over cold analysis that the day would come when Hans-Dietrich could call in his promissory notes. And Gorbachev and I visited Halle with him, as his guests to a series of ceremonies. Which mark the culmination of an evolution to which nobody contributed more than Hans-Dietrich Genscher.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3234.0,3283.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIn addition of course, I have greatly valued his friendship and his loyalty. And if it does not ruin his reputation, I would say that I appreciate his sentimental side of his nature as much as his statements like that. Now, people often refer to my birth in Germany and to the ties that were formed then.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3283.0,3332.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBut the Germany that I have been most closely associated with, and feel most closely connected with is the post-war Germany. I arrived with an American infantry division, in a country totally destroyed. The younger generation that did not live through it. Cannot imagine the rebel of those the absence of any communication.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3332.0,3374.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI mention it only to point out the moral strength it took even to begin to imagine the process of rebuilding physically. Out of this rubble grew a democratic society. Which, around 1949 made a heroic decision for which it never has received full credit. Namely, that the leaders of democratic Germany having been offered unification, in the good for maturity.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3374.0,3423.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNevertheless, decided they would rather keep the country divided so that they could remain tied to the democratic list than do back again on unanswered of nationalism. It was a heroic decision. Nobody could predict at that time that it would ever end or how it would end. It is in [INAUDIBLE].\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3423.0,3461.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIn this period, that a community of values and a community of interests grew out between Germany and America, and Germany and Europe. Without which the cold war would not have come to the conclusion that it is. Now the two tides of the Atlantic find themselves in the position that they have achieved.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3461.0,3505.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nEverything they set out to do 40 years ago. And then the question arises whether that unity that brought us so far was a necessity of a particular danger who has a deeper purpose. Both sides of the Atlantic are undergoing extraordinary changes. In the United State, a generation that formed the Marshall Plan and NATO and the structure of the Cold War, the generation that ended the depression.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3505.0,3563.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd went through World War II in the Korean war was characterized by deep faith in America and it's road on the world. The generation that succeeded it was formed by the Vietnam war which was an unsuccessful enterprise. And it grew more inward looking and was more concerned with removing America's blemishes.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3563.0,3608.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWolfe believed that foreign policy could be identified with simply the spread of American institutions on a global basis. And in addition. This man of attention, of the generation brought up on computers and television, is shorter then of the generation brought up on books so that political leaders first of all find it more difficult to form their own opinions and more difficult to lead their people.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3608.0,3661.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSo, America is in need of defining its purpose in the world but Europe too has serious challenges. How is Europe to be formed? Where does Europe begin and end? How can one incorporate, The new nations of Eastern Europe into the European system? And I was, last week in Brussels.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3661.0,3705.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd I spoke to one eminent European and the issue was should the Baltic states enter NATO or not. And I said, at a minimum. Why can't they at least be taken into the European Union quickly? What possible damage can 10 million poles do if you took them into the European Union now?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3705.0,3734.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWell, it's distinguished gentleman said to me. The schedule does not permit it.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e They're not scheduled for a discussion, and we must follow the procedures. So it is an important question. How Europe is to be formed, whether it is to be defined by the bureaucratic norms of existing institutions, or whether it can be given some longer term vision.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3734.0,3779.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd the next question that is, what is the relationship to be of Europe to America? And it is a question that must be asked on both sides of the Atlantic. In our country, one of the favorite parlor games of intellectuals and politicians is to debate the question. Should American foreign policies be informed by moral principles in dedication to democracy all for it be conducted on the basis of real politics.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3779.0,3833.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd then, usually, I mentioned a horrible example-\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Of real politics And somebody who reads Matinee in Bismark by candlelight.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e But the fact is, purely our politic is not possible. Because all the top decisions are 51 49, and those are the easier ones, 50.1 to 49.9.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3833.0,3875.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd without strong moral convictions and some moral compass, statesmanship becomes a prescription for a nervous breakdown. So the question is not whether we should be animated by committment to democracy. The question, with respect to the spread of democracy around the world, is a different one in my view Democracy developed in the western societies as a result of 800 years of evolution And very particular historical accidents and circumstances.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3875.0,3931.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe existence of an aristocracy independent of the existence of a religion. Which no matter how autocratic itself, had a separate line of authority. So that pluralism was built into the system, which has happened in no other society. The Reformation, the Age of Enlightenment, capitalism, the age of discovery, all these produced a mix.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3931.0,3964.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThat by the middle of the 20th century had produced what we now call pluralistic democracy. In dealing with other societies we should have some understanding and some patience. You're not asking them to accept in the first decades of their new positions. The final results of 800 years of a particular cultural evolution.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=3964.0,4002.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThis is relevant to our relations in the Middle East, in Asia and elsewhere. But I want to Indicate that there is one area in the world in which the practice of our democratic values can be relevant today. Which is in the relationship of Europe to the United States.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4002.0,4030.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd I would add the western hemisphere to this. In a world, Of growing fundamentalists, of emerging states that call themselves nations, but that are really classical empires. In such a world the western democracies could affirm a common destiny, and could affirm parallel policies. And in the next phase of Atlantic policies, that should be the objective of both sides of the Atlantic.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4030.0,4085.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSome Europeans say they must unify, so that they can prevent American domination of Europe. They need to have no fear of this, it's easy to get America to be disinterested in Europe.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e What's much harder is to keep America committed and that requires some sense of common destiny.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4085.0,4118.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSo I would say, that on both sides of the Atlantic, the next phase of our foreign policy needs to be a restoration of some of the dedication And attitude and convictions of a common destiny that brought us to this point. But of course now, in totally new conditions, in this, the American, German relationship will be decisive.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4118.0,4160.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe unification of Europe could not occur without a major decisive contribution from Germany. And I'm sure that history will record that the role of Chancellor Kohl in this. Was as important for the unification of Europe as the original decisions. Of the [INAUDIBLE] period for the future of the Atlantic Alliance.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4160.0,4210.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBut, we have not calculated between Europe and American common projects. We have dealt too much in tactical issues. We have talked too much of technical command arrangements and too little of the purposes they're supposed to serve. This seems to me the challenge we have for the future. Now, The reason this evening is so moving to me is because when I look around this room.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4210.0,4260.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI see so many who have contributed to bringing us to this point, so many comrades in common [INAUDIBLE]. Marion and Hans-Dietrich are not foreigners as far as I'm concerned. They are partners and friends in joint enterprise. And if we [INAUDIBLE] around the room and started naming people and drew lines among the relationships.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4260.0,4306.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThere would be many who feel exactly the same way. The task of organizations like this, it's to see that the next generation in the 21st century Can look back and say, similar period of time, and say our problem is that we've accomplished everything we set out to do.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4306.0,4338.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nProvided what they set out to do. If big enough to be worthy of those ends. Thank you very much.\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE].\n\u003e\u003e The program says conclusion. It's gonna be just a closing. I want to, first of all, thank everybody who is part of this evening. Also to say to Henry, that I think the Council is videoing the events, and I think that you'll have a copy of the video in a few days.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4338.0,4387.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThree very quick points. One is that I don't know Henry as long as has known him. I met Henry when I was an undergraduate at Harvard. And in thinking about this extraordinary man, his contribution to German American understanding, you have to take into account that remarkable chapter of his life when he was an academic, and a scholar, and a teacher.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4387.0,4414.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd it made a huge impression on lots of people, not the least, myself. Secondly, when Marion touched on something quite profound about how great talent has left Germany to go elsewhere. And certainly Henry is an example of great talents. I think [INAUDIBLE] is an example of great talent.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4414.0,4443.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBut what Henry did in this country is really very remarkable because he essentially became someone who was able to reject American values and American power. And that, very few people who come from one society to another, especially at the age in which he did, are able to do.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4443.0,4462.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd I think that puts him in a very, very small class of people who are really remarkably gifted in language. They can take opportunity and make of it something that extends beyond the normal dimensions of human endeavor. Finally, I think Henry is a great example of what it is that we try to do at the Council.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4462.0,4483.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI think among the founders of the Council, the person who I wanna mention is Eric Wahlberg because Eric represented a family that was German and American very early in the century. Made a very big contribution on both sides of the Atlantic, came here. Helped found this organization with Jack McCloy, went back to Germany.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4483.0,4506.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7764/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHis daughter, Marie, is with us this evening. And I think Henry is the most outstanding sample of what we try to do. So we are honored to have the opportunity to honor you and in that spirit, I wanna wish you all a very good evening. Thank you.\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE].\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925#t=4506.0,4589.90333"}]},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7765","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["ms_1981_s07_b0910_caption.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/17472/file/72925/transcript/7765/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"00:05:55.866 --\u003e 00:06:04.612\n[FOREIGN]\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\n00:06:04.612 --\u003e 00:06:09.143\n\u003e\u003e Ladies and gentlemen, I would like to\n\n00:06:09.143 --\u003e 00:06:13.957\ntake this moment to welcome you all, and\n\n00:06:13.957 --\u003e 00:06:19.206\nespecially the few\npeople that [INAUDIBLE].\n\n00:06:19.206 --\u003e 00:06:26.986\n[FOREIGN]\n\n00:06:26.986 --\u003e 00:06:29.298\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:06:29.298 --\u003e 00:06:32.762\n\u003e\u003e Let me just say we're gonna save time\n\n00:06:32.762 --\u003e 00:06:38.026\ntonight every way,\nbecause this is a wonderful group.\n\n00:06:38.026 --\u003e 00:06:41.400\nThere are a lot of people who\nwant to say something tonight.\n\n00:06:41.400 --\u003e 00:06:48.768\nAnd so we will be, I think,\nshort, but also sweet.\n\n00:06:48.768 --\u003e 00:06:54.415\nSecretary General, we're very glad to have\nyou with us tonight, Secretary General.\n\n00:06:54.415 --\u003e 00:07:02.499\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e And\n\n00:07:02.499 --\u003e 00:07:05.235\nnow let me ask you,\nlet me just cut through by this, please.\n\n00:07:05.235 --\u003e 00:07:08.211\nAnd we'll have some room for\n\n00:07:08.211 --\u003e 00:07:12.938\nwonderful, heartfelt applause at the end.\n\n00:07:12.938 --\u003e 00:07:17.548\nNow Mr. [INAUDIBLE], and Mr. [INAUDIBLE],\n\n00:07:17.548 --\u003e 00:07:22.928\nAmbassador [INAUDIBLE],\nAmbassador [INAUDIBLE],\n\n00:07:22.928 --\u003e 00:07:28.450\nMaestro [INAUDIBLE],\nMarian Countess [INAUDIBLE].\n\n00:07:28.450 --\u003e 00:07:32.868\nAnd Senator Mack Mathias and\nalso I would like to really\n\n00:07:32.868 --\u003e 00:07:37.096\ncongratulate Goldman\nwho has been the chair\n\n00:07:37.096 --\u003e 00:07:42.012\nof the steering committee that\nhas put all of this together.\n\n00:07:42.012 --\u003e 00:07:44.800\nLadies and gentlemen welcome to you all.\n\n00:07:44.800 --\u003e 00:07:53.160\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e And\n\n00:07:53.160 --\u003e 00:07:57.219\nnow a special welcome to the Kissinger\nfamily, Nancy Kissinger,\n\n00:07:57.219 --\u003e 00:07:59.001\nLou is here tonight.\n\n00:07:59.001 --\u003e 00:08:05.277\n[APPLAUSE]\n\n00:08:05.277 --\u003e 00:08:07.863\n\u003e\u003e Walter Kissinger, Henry's brother.\n\n00:08:07.863 --\u003e 00:08:13.731\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e And\n\n00:08:13.731 --\u003e 00:08:16.770\nfinally, Mrs.\nLouis Kissinger, Henry's mother.\n\n00:08:16.770 --\u003e 00:08:25.671\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Ladies and\n\n00:08:25.671 --\u003e 00:08:28.528\ngentleman if I could ask you to stand.\n\n00:08:28.528 --\u003e 00:08:36.708\nSecretary Henry Kissinger,\n\n00:08:36.708 --\u003e 00:08:42.596\nwe are so glad that you\n\n00:08:42.596 --\u003e 00:08:49.804\ncould be with us tonight.\n\n00:08:49.804 --\u003e 00:08:59.194\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\n00:08:59.194 --\u003e 00:09:01.778\n\u003e\u003e Standing ovation in grateful tribute to\n\n00:09:01.778 --\u003e 00:09:04.444\na man who has given so\nmuch to his country.\n\n00:09:04.444 --\u003e 00:09:08.408\nI always pick my own words and I've been\ntrying to be an example to everybody else.\n\n00:09:08.408 --\u003e 00:09:09.304\nBut, as a soldier.\n\n00:09:09.304 --\u003e 00:09:13.269\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e That's a civilised way of saying it.\n\n00:09:13.269 --\u003e 00:09:17.043\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e As a soldier, I recognize and\n\n00:09:17.043 --\u003e 00:09:21.615\nadmire Henry Kissencher's\nextraordinary act of\n\n00:09:21.615 --\u003e 00:09:26.510\nunderstanding of the meaning of power,\npolicy, and\n\n00:09:26.510 --\u003e 00:09:31.758\npolitics and\nhow they work in the international system.\n\n00:09:31.758 --\u003e 00:09:37.154\nHis briefly pragmatic articulation of that\nunderstanding over long passage time,\n\n00:09:37.154 --\u003e 00:09:40.650\nand a long serious of events\nis nothing that I know, and\n\n00:09:40.650 --\u003e 00:09:43.695\nI'm sure you admire very\nmuch in his standard.\n\n00:09:43.695 --\u003e 00:09:48.865\nIt be fitting that present of the United\nStates as chosen to send the first\n\n00:09:48.865 --\u003e 00:09:54.148\nlow message, congratulations to him,\nand I will read that message now.\n\n00:09:54.148 --\u003e 00:09:56.422\nFrom the White House, dated today.\n\n00:09:56.422 --\u003e 00:10:01.598\nI am delighted to join the members of\nthe American Council on Germany in paying\n\n00:10:01.598 --\u003e 00:10:06.627\ntribute to Dr. Henry Kissinger as\none of America's foremost statesmen.\n\n00:10:06.627 --\u003e 00:10:11.201\nDr. Kissinger has played a vital\nrole in shaping our nation's\n\n00:10:11.201 --\u003e 00:10:13.368\nmodern diplomatic history.\n\n00:10:13.368 --\u003e 00:10:18.421\nHis ability to negotiate effectively,\nalong with his keen awareness\n\n00:10:18.421 --\u003e 00:10:23.131\nof the concerns of America's allies\nwere pillars in the policies\n\n00:10:23.131 --\u003e 00:10:27.600\nthat ultimately led to democracy's\ntriumph in the Cold War.\n\n00:10:27.600 --\u003e 00:10:34.156\nThose of us who grapple with the conflict\nforeign policy issues facing our country,\n\n00:10:34.156 --\u003e 00:10:39.698\nappreciate his continuing contributions\nto our national security and\n\n00:10:39.698 --\u003e 00:10:44.608\nvalue his stead fast advocacy\nin American internationalism.\n\n00:10:44.608 --\u003e 00:10:49.305\nIt is a especially fitting\nthat the American Council on\n\n00:10:49.305 --\u003e 00:10:54.615\nGermany has chosen to honor Dr.\nKissinger for his support for\n\n00:10:54.615 --\u003e 00:10:59.431\nhis strong and\nproductive support of US American ties.\n\n00:10:59.431 --\u003e 00:11:03.353\nA close friend of the council's founder,\nJohn G McCloy, Dr.\n\n00:11:03.353 --\u003e 00:11:08.015\nKissinger understands the importance\nof German American relationship to\n\n00:11:08.015 --\u003e 00:11:12.167\nworld stability and has done much\nto reaffirm that relationship.\n\n00:11:12.167 --\u003e 00:11:15.922\nI know that Dr. Kissinger as a board\nmember of the American Council on Germany\n\n00:11:15.922 --\u003e 00:11:19.466\nwill continue to strengthen\nthe friendship between the two countries.\n\n00:11:19.466 --\u003e 00:11:25.179\nAnd I congratulate him on this\ngreat honor, signed Bill Clinton.\n\n00:11:25.179 --\u003e 00:11:35.450\n[APPLAUSE]\n\n00:11:35.450 --\u003e 00:11:38.050\n\u003e\u003e And now ladies and gentlemen,\n\n00:11:38.050 --\u003e 00:11:44.550\nmay I introduce to you Chancellor'\nKroloff, Aambassador from the Republic\n\n00:11:44.550 --\u003e 00:11:50.158\nof Germany to the United States who\nwill read a message to you also.\n\n00:11:50.158 --\u003e 00:11:52.208\nAnd introducing him, may I thank him for\n\n00:11:52.208 --\u003e 00:11:55.291\nbeing such a good friend of\nthe American counsel in Germany.\n\n00:11:56.730 --\u003e 00:12:01.656\nAnd after the Chancellor's message,\nwe will continue our dinner and\n\n00:12:01.656 --\u003e 00:12:06.010\nthen, at a certain time,\ntake over for and.\n\n00:12:06.010 --\u003e 00:12:07.926\nMr. Ambassador, please take the stand.\n\n00:12:07.926 --\u003e 00:12:09.169\nThank you very much\n\n00:12:15.003 --\u003e 00:12:20.049\n[APPLAUSE]\n\n00:12:20.049 --\u003e 00:12:24.482\n\u003e\u003e Ladies and gentlemen, I just want to\n\n00:12:24.482 --\u003e 00:12:29.791\nread to you a couple of letters from\n\u003e\u003e To\n\n00:12:29.791 --\u003e 00:12:34.860\nreally feel along different with along and\nsuccessful political career,\n\n00:12:34.860 --\u003e 00:12:40.171\nparticularly as a city of state of United\nStates of America to make that housing\n\n00:12:40.171 --\u003e 00:12:44.930\ncontribution, to also intensifying\nGerman-American relations.\n\n00:12:44.930 --\u003e 00:12:52.074\nThe transient between Germany and United\nStates of America second world war as\n\n00:12:52.074 --\u003e 00:12:57.180\ngiven by citizens of the United States for\nthe needy German people.\n\n00:12:57.180 --\u003e 00:12:58.790\nThe Marshall Plan and\n\n00:12:58.790 --\u003e 00:13:03.708\nthe Berlin airlift was one of\nthe crucial requisites for peace and\n\n00:13:03.708 --\u003e 00:13:09.272\nfreedom over the last few decades and\nfor the attainment of German unity.\n\n00:13:09.272 --\u003e 00:13:13.914\n[INAUDIBLE]\n\n00:13:13.914 --\u003e 00:13:20.104\nParticularly\n\n00:13:20.104 --\u003e 00:13:26.292\nyou of your own\n\n00:13:26.292 --\u003e 00:13:31.454\npriority.\n\n00:13:31.454 --\u003e 00:13:34.571\nYours sincerely, Edward.\n\n00:13:34.571 --\u003e 00:13:44.255\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e [INAUDIBLE]\n\n00:13:44.255 --\u003e 00:13:49.557\nBusiness in the United States\nto join to answer the call\n\n00:13:49.557 --\u003e 00:13:55.331\n[INAUDIBLE] you've done,\ndistinction to German [INAUDIBLE]\n\n00:13:55.331 --\u003e 00:14:00.437\n\u003e\u003e At this time of the meeting now I'm in\n\n00:14:00.437 --\u003e 00:14:06.697\ngreat honor to say a couple\nof words about some\n\n00:14:06.697 --\u003e 00:14:12.719\nof you have known for 28 years since we\n\u003e\u003e Worked\n\n00:14:12.719 --\u003e 00:14:17.169\ntogether in Secretary of\nDefense McNamara's office.\n\n00:14:17.169 --\u003e 00:14:20.940\nI was there to get on papers.\n\n00:14:20.940 --\u003e 00:14:26.756\nI was a writer and he was more a director.\n\n00:14:26.756 --\u003e 00:14:30.180\nBut I'm proud to have known\nhim over these three decades.\n\n00:14:30.180 --\u003e 00:14:35.451\nI'm very proud\n\u003e\u003e And as all of you know,\n\n00:14:35.451 --\u003e 00:14:43.140\nthey cover up as many Ambassador\nto Germany in recent years.\n\n00:14:43.140 --\u003e 00:14:48.211\nHe has been a negotiator\nwho might thought up\n\n00:14:48.211 --\u003e 00:14:53.470\nin all that his done\n\u003e\u003e And I would like to remind you,\n\n00:14:53.470 --\u003e 00:14:58.824\nI'm sure you'll remember this anyway,\nbut I'd like to remind you that\n\n00:14:58.824 --\u003e 00:15:04.468\nit is precisely to the day, a year since\nthe Dayton agreements were signed.\n\n00:15:04.468 --\u003e 00:15:10.628\nAnd in fact,\nhas come to us tonight directly from.\n\n00:15:10.628 --\u003e 00:15:15.358\nI think directly from where\n\n00:15:15.358 --\u003e 00:15:20.246\nthere was another meeting to discuss\n\n00:15:20.246 --\u003e 00:15:26.089\nthe furtherance of the Dayton Agreements.\n\n00:15:26.089 --\u003e 00:15:30.415\nSo it gives me the greatest pleasure and\ngreat sense of honor.\n\n00:15:30.415 --\u003e 00:15:36.496\n[INAUDIBLE] to introduce at this time\nmy old friend, ambassador to the one of\n\n00:15:36.496 --\u003e 00:15:41.569\nthe of the highest profile in\nthis country today, [INAUDIBLE].\n\n00:15:41.569 --\u003e 00:15:43.978\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Thank you [INAUDIBLE]\n\n00:15:43.978 --\u003e 00:15:51.486\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\n00:15:51.486 --\u003e 00:15:55.419\n\u003e\u003e Thank you so much, General Dr and\n\n00:15:55.419 --\u003e 00:15:56.916\nMrs Kissinger.\n\n00:15:56.916 --\u003e 00:16:03.780\nMrs Kissinger Sector general\nBoutros Boutros-Ghali fellow democrats.\n\n00:16:03.780 --\u003e 00:16:10.330\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Paul Vogel\n\n00:16:10.330 --\u003e 00:16:15.915\nrecently asked Henry Kissinger if he\nthough political elite was in decline and\n\n00:16:15.915 --\u003e 00:16:18.885\nhe replied, no but I'm getting lonely.\n\n00:16:18.885 --\u003e 00:16:27.075\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:16:27.075 --\u003e 00:16:30.503\n\u003e\u003e I am truly honored by Jack Alvin's\n\n00:16:30.503 --\u003e 00:16:36.895\ninvitation to join you tonight\nthat's true I came from Dayton.\n\n00:16:36.895 --\u003e 00:16:41.459\nWhere we were commemorating first\nanniversary of the agreement and\n\n00:16:41.459 --\u003e 00:16:43.950\ntalking about where we go from here.\n\n00:16:43.950 --\u003e 00:16:47.420\nBut this was not a hard decision\non a private citizen now.\n\n00:16:47.420 --\u003e 00:16:51.360\nAnd the chance to honor Henry Kissencher,\nwho I've known for\n\n00:16:51.360 --\u003e 00:16:56.710\n30 years was something that\nI did not want to turn down.\n\n00:16:59.420 --\u003e 00:17:01.329\nWe go back a long way.\n\n00:17:01.329 --\u003e 00:17:06.404\nWe first met in Vietnam when I was a\nJourney of Foreign Service Officer and he\n\n00:17:06.404 --\u003e 00:17:11.981\nwas already the most distinguished members\nof the American Academic Community.\n\n00:17:11.981 --\u003e 00:17:16.544\nAnd an advisor to\nthe Johnson Administration and\n\n00:17:16.544 --\u003e 00:17:22.750\nour paths crossed many times,\nnot all is on the same side.\n\n00:17:22.750 --\u003e 00:17:25.880\nBut I'm glad to say,\nusually on the same side and above all,\n\n00:17:25.880 --\u003e 00:17:28.120\nin regard to two issues.\n\n00:17:28.120 --\u003e 00:17:32.750\nA central concern to both him and\nme and that is China and Germany.\n\n00:17:34.990 --\u003e 00:17:41.018\nAnd he and I and Nancy Kissinger have\nbeen together in both countries and\n\n00:17:41.018 --\u003e 00:17:44.141\nI'm particularly grateful to him.\n\n00:17:44.141 --\u003e 00:17:49.549\nFor his help when quite\nunexpectedly sector Christopher and\n\n00:17:49.549 --\u003e 00:17:56.240\nPresident Clinton asked me to go\nGermany as ambassador in May of 1993.\n\n00:17:56.240 --\u003e 00:18:01.201\nA job which I never had thought\nwould ever be offered to me and\n\n00:18:01.201 --\u003e 00:18:06.163\nnever thought about my first\ncall after I received the offer\n\n00:18:06.163 --\u003e 00:18:11.125\nwas to my mother who as many of\nyou know was born in Germany and\n\n00:18:11.125 --\u003e 00:18:14.330\nleft in 1933 and never returned.\n\n00:18:14.330 --\u003e 00:18:19.281\nHer answer falling back on a native tongue\n\n00:18:19.281 --\u003e 00:18:24.351\nwas [FOREIGN]\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:18:24.351 --\u003e 00:18:28.275\n\u003e\u003e Then I called Henry Kissinger.\n\n00:18:28.275 --\u003e 00:18:35.396\nAfter a long pause after he absorbed\nthe news he said [FOREIGN].\n\n00:18:35.396 --\u003e 00:18:38.435\nThat by the way, exhaust my own German.\n\n00:18:38.435 --\u003e 00:18:44.710\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Henry was enormously supportive.\n\n00:18:46.050 --\u003e 00:18:48.680\nHe said the first thing,\n\n00:18:48.680 --\u003e 00:18:53.110\nfirst he sent messages to\nthe German government, as investor\n\n00:18:53.110 --\u003e 00:18:57.230\nCrowbug who was then political director\nthat the German prime minister knows.\n\n00:18:57.230 --\u003e 00:18:59.470\nSaying, even though I knew\nnothing about Germany,\n\n00:18:59.470 --\u003e 00:19:00.795\nthe Germans should give me a chance.\n\n00:19:00.795 --\u003e 00:19:05.610\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e He then sent message to\n\n00:19:05.610 --\u003e 00:19:10.170\nthe chancellor and to other Germans,\nincluding Hans-Dietrich Genscher.\n\n00:19:12.680 --\u003e 00:19:15.901\nAnd gave me a great deal of advice,\nall of which, and\n\n00:19:15.901 --\u003e 00:19:18.478\nI'm not joking, I followed carefully.\n\n00:19:18.478 --\u003e 00:19:25.521\nTo be with Henry in Germany is\nit's an extraordinary experience,\n\n00:19:25.521 --\u003e 00:19:29.811\nhe speaks to the Germans as an American.\n\n00:19:29.811 --\u003e 00:19:34.780\nBut with the special understanding and\none which is so important to all of us.\n\n00:19:34.780 --\u003e 00:19:39.749\nI think it's very fitting that this great\norganization with which I'm proud to be\n\n00:19:39.749 --\u003e 00:19:40.622\nassociated.\n\n00:19:40.622 --\u003e 00:19:44.110\nWith it's roots in the John McCloy era but\n\n00:19:44.110 --\u003e 00:19:48.004\nlooking to the future\nhonors Henry the Ninth.\n\n00:19:48.004 --\u003e 00:19:50.800\nI'm intensely grateful to him.\n\n00:19:50.800 --\u003e 00:19:56.160\nOne of the many things we tried to do\nduring my Ambassadorship in Germany\n\n00:19:56.160 --\u003e 00:19:57.730\nwas to find ways to have\n\n00:19:58.750 --\u003e 00:20:04.610\na transition from the era of\nJohn McCloy to the post Cold War era.\n\n00:20:04.610 --\u003e 00:20:08.548\nThe era when there would be no\nmore American troops in Berlin and\n\n00:20:08.548 --\u003e 00:20:13.019\nthe American troop presence in Germany\nwould be reduced, as it now is.\n\n00:20:15.197 --\u003e 00:20:20.670\nAnd on my last weekend in Germany,\nin Berlin, as the American, British and\n\n00:20:20.670 --\u003e 00:20:25.990\nFrench troops left Berlin for\nthe last time, and a very solemn ceremony.\n\n00:20:27.760 --\u003e 00:20:32.281\nWe inaugurated an attempt to\nleave a legacy behind in Germany,\n\n00:20:32.281 --\u003e 00:20:37.144\nand particular in Berlin,\ncalled the American academy of Berlin,\n\n00:20:37.144 --\u003e 00:20:40.748\nto be modeled after\nthe American academy of Rome.\n\n00:20:40.748 --\u003e 00:20:46.209\nI was very delighted that Henry Kissinger\njoined President Richard [INAUDIBLE].\n\n00:20:46.209 --\u003e 00:20:51.729\nAnd being the co-chairman of this\nenterprise which is still on the process\n\n00:20:51.729 --\u003e 00:20:57.610\nof being formed, and which is recently\nask me to join its board as its chairman.\n\n00:20:57.610 --\u003e 00:21:02.493\nMany of you in this room have already\nbeen supportive of this effort\n\n00:21:02.493 --\u003e 00:21:06.015\nwill collect the rest of\nyour names at the door.\n\n00:21:06.015 --\u003e 00:21:09.162\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e But this is an important effort, and\n\n00:21:09.162 --\u003e 00:21:15.496\nthe fact that Henry Kissinger's associated\nwith it, I think, says a great deal about\n\n00:21:15.496 --\u003e 00:21:20.816\nthe fact that he not only is a living\ntestament to the past relationship.\n\n00:21:20.816 --\u003e 00:21:23.850\nBut like all of us in this room\nis trying to look to the future.\n\n00:21:25.340 --\u003e 00:21:30.050\nHow we build an enduring tie for\na new generation of Americans and\n\n00:21:30.050 --\u003e 00:21:35.200\nGermans who will soon\nonly back on the cold war\n\n00:21:35.200 --\u003e 00:21:38.410\nas receding memory that\ngrows ever more distant.\n\n00:21:39.890 --\u003e 00:21:44.720\nThose of you in this room don't need\nto be told about the relationship but.\n\n00:21:44.720 --\u003e 00:21:49.280\nThe next generation will be and\nprojects like this are very important.\n\n00:21:49.280 --\u003e 00:21:56.438\nSo Henry, I thank you again for\nyour support and your friendship.\n\n00:21:56.438 --\u003e 00:22:01.821\nYour advice and Nancy's friendship, and\nit's wonderful to see your mother here.\n\n00:22:01.821 --\u003e 00:22:04.270\nAnd I'm honored to be part\nof this wonderful evening.\n\n00:22:04.270 --\u003e 00:22:05.953\nThank you very much.\n\n00:22:05.953 --\u003e 00:22:11.107\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e And we are lucky enough ladies and\n\n00:22:11.107 --\u003e 00:22:17.081\ngentlemen to have with\nus the foreign minister\n\n00:22:18.153 --\u003e 00:22:26.800\nsomebody that in my years in\nGermany I grew to admire greatly.\n\n00:22:26.800 --\u003e 00:22:33.540\nHe is the man who has\nestablished the record\n\n00:22:33.540 --\u003e 00:22:39.080\nthat nobody can match in\nterms of free service to\n\n00:22:39.080 --\u003e 00:22:43.819\nhis country in that position and indeed in\ncomparison with anybody around the world.\n\n00:22:44.920 --\u003e 00:22:49.345\nSo without further I do\nI'd like to ask Henry\n\n00:22:49.345 --\u003e 00:22:53.300\n[INAUDIBLE] to come and take the podium.\n\n00:22:54.580 --\u003e 00:23:00.000\nThank you for being with us Mr.\n[INAUDIBLE], good night.\n\n00:23:00.000 --\u003e 00:23:06.110\n\u003e\u003e Ladies and gentlemen here Henry,\nKissinger family.\n\n00:23:07.930 --\u003e 00:23:12.310\nWhen the American Council on Germany\nasked me to hold a speech, I\n\n00:23:13.360 --\u003e 00:23:19.800\nwas informed tonight that I have\nto make remarks of his speech.\n\n00:23:19.800 --\u003e 00:23:23.540\nIn honor of Henry Kissinger,\nI immediately agreed.\n\n00:23:23.540 --\u003e 00:23:25.180\nThis great pleasure.\n\n00:23:25.180 --\u003e 00:23:30.740\nI say this not only because I belong\nto those three god Henry Kissinger is\n\n00:23:30.740 --\u003e 00:23:37.372\nan outstanding statesman, is a brilliant\nhistorian, and political analyst.\n\n00:23:37.372 --\u003e 00:23:44.220\nHenry Kissinger is an old and good\nfriend of mine and it's more important.\n\n00:23:44.220 --\u003e 00:23:46.300\nHe was my mentor.\n\n00:23:46.300 --\u003e 00:23:49.310\nHe introduced me into\nthe art of diplomacy.\n\n00:23:50.470 --\u003e 00:23:53.450\nNot many can lay claim on this.\n\n00:23:55.190 --\u003e 00:24:00.182\nI met Henry Kissinger for\nthe first time In after his\n\n00:24:00.182 --\u003e 00:24:05.370\nfamous press conference in Salzburg.\n\n00:24:05.370 --\u003e 00:24:10.372\nIn summer of 1974 shortly after he\nhad been appointed foreign minister.\n\n00:24:10.372 --\u003e 00:24:14.730\nAt that time America went through\nextremely difficult period.\n\n00:24:15.780 --\u003e 00:24:21.086\nIn this month, Henry Kissinger rendered\nthis country great services into\n\n00:24:21.086 --\u003e 00:24:26.570\nthe seasonal period under President\nGerald Ford took office in August 74.\n\n00:24:26.570 --\u003e 00:24:32.426\nIn particular, he clearly indicated\nthis was important for us in Germany.\n\n00:24:32.426 --\u003e 00:24:36.468\nTo the Soviet Union that\nany ever attempt to exploit\n\n00:24:36.468 --\u003e 00:24:42.070\nthis period of America's\nweakness was doomed to failure.\n\n00:24:42.070 --\u003e 00:24:45.830\nHenry Kissinger's importance\nforever extended far beyond\n\n00:24:45.830 --\u003e 00:24:48.060\nthe area of foreign policy.\n\n00:24:48.060 --\u003e 00:24:53.420\nIn those days, I used to explain\nthis was the image of a circus\n\n00:24:53.420 --\u003e 00:24:58.890\ntent in which Kissinger performed\nthe most daring artistic feats.\n\n00:24:58.890 --\u003e 00:25:02.410\nAnd as the circus top high\nabove the spectators.\n\n00:25:02.410 --\u003e 00:25:07.177\nSo public gaze is spellbound\nupwards to the unique artist and\n\n00:25:07.177 --\u003e 00:25:13.640\nno longer sees the present below entangled\nin this fight for political survival.\n\n00:25:13.640 --\u003e 00:25:16.460\nHenry Kissinger did not only impress me\n\n00:25:16.460 --\u003e 00:25:22.000\nwith his outstanding professional\nskills already at our first meeting.\n\n00:25:22.000 --\u003e 00:25:26.336\nAt that meeting I was in the chair\nof the European community.\n\n00:25:26.336 --\u003e 00:25:30.499\nAnd I had to explain to\nthe American secretary,\n\n00:25:30.499 --\u003e 00:25:37.274\nthat we the Europeans would start\nthe so-called European-Arab dialogue.\n\n00:25:37.274 --\u003e 00:25:40.467\nHenry was totally opposed to this idea.\n\n00:25:40.467 --\u003e 00:25:45.747\nI had to explain to him this is\nthe best idea we Europeans ever had.\n\n00:25:45.747 --\u003e 00:25:49.735\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e In order to give his young colleague\n\n00:25:49.735 --\u003e 00:25:54.770\na chance to tell his\ncolleagues he had the success.\n\n00:25:54.770 --\u003e 00:26:00.260\nHe said finally, good Mr.\nMinister, I agree.\n\n00:26:00.260 --\u003e 00:26:05.420\nThis dialogue of course\nis totally useless but\n\n00:26:05.420 --\u003e 00:26:08.405\nfortunately not very dangerous.\n\n00:26:08.405 --\u003e 00:26:13.467\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Although\n\n00:26:13.467 --\u003e 00:26:18.078\nhe were the undisputed star amongst\nthe foreign ministers he never\n\n00:26:18.078 --\u003e 00:26:23.360\nexploited his reputation or the importance\nof the country he represented.\n\n00:26:24.470 --\u003e 00:26:29.270\nFrom the very beginning,\nHenry tried to establish a good\n\n00:26:29.270 --\u003e 00:26:33.480\nworking personal relationship\nwith the new German colleague.\n\n00:26:33.480 --\u003e 00:26:39.290\nHis good working relationship became\na true and long lasting friendship.\n\n00:26:39.290 --\u003e 00:26:44.282\nHenry Kissinger's open and\nconstructive attitude toward\n\n00:26:44.282 --\u003e 00:26:48.130\nGermany was anything but self evident.\n\n00:26:48.130 --\u003e 00:26:53.400\nIn 83, Henry and his family had to leave\ntheir hometown of Feurth in Germany\n\n00:26:53.400 --\u003e 00:26:55.990\nunder terrible circumstances.\n\n00:26:55.990 --\u003e 00:27:01.820\nSeven years later, Henry Kissinger\nreturned to a totally destroyed Germany,\n\n00:27:01.820 --\u003e 00:27:07.020\nnow is an American citizen and\nis a member of the American troops.\n\n00:27:07.020 --\u003e 00:27:11.310\nDespite all what had happened to him and\nhis family.\n\n00:27:11.310 --\u003e 00:27:16.642\nHenry played a major role within\nthe strategic community of the post-war\n\n00:27:16.642 --\u003e 00:27:21.200\nAmerica in explaining and\nanalyzing the problems of German and\n\n00:27:21.200 --\u003e 00:27:26.030\nEuropean politics with objectivity and\nwithout any bitterness.\n\n00:27:27.260 --\u003e 00:27:32.293\nAlmost exactly 30 years ago,\nHenry Kissinger predicted\n\n00:27:32.293 --\u003e 00:27:37.125\nin one of his brilliant articles\non the German question as\n\n00:27:37.125 --\u003e 00:27:41.568\na problem of European and\ninternational security.\n\n00:27:41.568 --\u003e 00:27:47.418\nThat German unity would come as\na result of a long process and\n\n00:27:47.418 --\u003e 00:27:53.034\nfollowing fundamental changes\nin East-West relations\n\n00:27:53.034 --\u003e 00:27:58.310\nincluding diminishing role\nof frontiers in Europe.\n\n00:27:58.310 --\u003e 00:28:03.940\nAlready at that time, Henry Kissinger was\nconvinced that any progress toward German\n\n00:28:03.940 --\u003e 00:28:11.320\nunity could only be achieved in European\ncontext and including the United States.\n\n00:28:11.320 --\u003e 00:28:17.510\nRereading this article and\ncomparing it with the events taking place\n\n00:28:18.630 --\u003e 00:28:24.840\nin 1989 and 90 one can only\nadmire the vision of the author.\n\n00:28:24.840 --\u003e 00:28:28.860\nIt was due to his deep\nunderstanding of Germany and\n\n00:28:28.860 --\u003e 00:28:34.070\nEurope that Henry Kissinger\ncould play a key role in shaping\n\n00:28:34.070 --\u003e 00:28:39.330\nEast-West relations during\nthe formative period of the early 70s.\n\n00:28:39.330 --\u003e 00:28:44.703\nDuring negotiations in the CSCE Final Act.\n\n00:28:44.703 --\u003e 00:28:49.681\nHe supported the particular German\ninterest in introducing a clause\n\n00:28:49.681 --\u003e 00:28:55.700\nconcerning the possibility of the peaceful\nchange of existing borders in Europe.\n\n00:28:56.710 --\u003e 00:28:59.982\nWe owe it to Henry Kissinger's\nunderstanding and\n\n00:28:59.982 --\u003e 00:29:04.898\nthe America support that despite\nstrong Soviet resistance,\n\n00:29:04.898 --\u003e 00:29:11.710\nprinciple peaceful change was\nultimately accepted by all CSCE states.\n\n00:29:12.790 --\u003e 00:29:18.820\nIts consequences went far beyond Helsinki,\nand Henry's term of office.\n\n00:29:18.820 --\u003e 00:29:23.830\nThe recognition of the principle of\npeaceful change became an essential\n\n00:29:23.830 --\u003e 00:29:31.440\nprecondition for keeping open the option\nfor overcoming the division of Germany.\n\n00:29:31.440 --\u003e 00:29:35.020\nFor me,\na newly appointed foreign minister.\n\n00:29:35.020 --\u003e 00:29:40.310\nThe way in which Henry Kissinger\nhandled the question of peaceful\n\n00:29:40.310 --\u003e 00:29:45.740\nchange proved how\nseriously the United States\n\n00:29:45.740 --\u003e 00:29:51.660\ntook the particular concerns of divided\nGerman nation in the center of Europe.\n\n00:29:51.660 --\u003e 00:29:57.130\nThis experience had been confirmed\nin the decisive years of 89 and 90.\n\n00:29:57.130 --\u003e 00:30:03.079\nThe strong support of American people and\nthe American government in particular.\n\n00:30:03.079 --\u003e 00:30:07.382\nPresident Bush, and Secretary Baker were\n\n00:30:07.382 --\u003e 00:30:12.410\nessential per-condition for\nthe German unity.\n\n00:30:13.720 --\u003e 00:30:18.151\nThere are many examples\nof Henry Kissinger's\n\n00:30:18.151 --\u003e 00:30:22.923\nfirmness whenever vital\nGerman interests yeah,\n\n00:30:22.923 --\u003e 00:30:27.140\nit stayed during the period\nof the Cold War.\n\n00:30:27.140 --\u003e 00:30:31.827\nI would only like to quote one,\nin July of 74 I went\n\n00:30:31.827 --\u003e 00:30:36.300\nto Sacramento in order\nto meet President Nixon.\n\n00:30:36.300 --\u003e 00:30:40.100\nWhen Henry Kissinger and\nI were waiting for the President,\n\n00:30:40.100 --\u003e 00:30:44.812\nwe were informed that transit on\nthe motor way between Federal Republic of\n\n00:30:44.812 --\u003e 00:30:47.550\nGermany and West Berlin had been stopped.\n\n00:30:48.610 --\u003e 00:30:50.824\nIn this dramatic situation,\n\n00:30:50.824 --\u003e 00:30:56.223\nI witnessed the manner in which\nHenry Kissinger used the horrid weight of\n\n00:30:56.223 --\u003e 00:31:02.590\nthe world power United States in order\nto safeguard our common interests.\n\n00:31:02.590 --\u003e 00:31:07.371\nHe immediately instructed\nhis close collaborator\n\n00:31:07.371 --\u003e 00:31:11.769\nto stop the ongoing talks\nbetween the United States and\n\n00:31:11.769 --\u003e 00:31:17.490\nthe so-called GDR on the establishment\nof diplomatic relations.\n\n00:31:17.490 --\u003e 00:31:21.410\nFurthermore, Swiss collaborator Hartmann,\n\n00:31:21.410 --\u003e 00:31:26.450\nhe let the Soviets know that\nthe United States would regard any further\n\n00:31:26.450 --\u003e 00:31:31.390\nimpediment of transit from the Federal\nRepublic of [INAUDIBLE] to Berlin\n\n00:31:31.390 --\u003e 00:31:35.470\nas a matter between themselves and\nthe Soviet Union.\n\n00:31:35.470 --\u003e 00:31:41.300\nHenry Kissinger's determined and clear\nreaction made a deep impression on me,\n\n00:31:41.300 --\u003e 00:31:43.220\nfortunately not only on me.\n\n00:31:44.380 --\u003e 00:31:50.220\nHenry Kissinger's attitude towards Germany\nand Europe had always been determined\n\n00:31:50.220 --\u003e 00:31:57.860\nby his deep conviction that the fate of\nEurope is of vital importance for America.\n\n00:31:57.860 --\u003e 00:32:05.338\nAlready, in his brilliant analysis Dating\nfrom 65 once a troubled partnership\n\n00:32:05.338 --\u003e 00:32:10.930\nHenry Kissinger had pointed out that\nthe close relationship between America and\n\n00:32:10.930 --\u003e 00:32:16.390\nEurope is an essential precondition for\na stable world order\n\n00:32:16.390 --\u003e 00:32:21.990\nbased on the principles of democracy,\nunion rights and the rule of law.\n\n00:32:21.990 --\u003e 00:32:27.240\nThat remains true all the after the end\nof the division of Germany and Europe.\n\n00:32:27.240 --\u003e 00:32:31.690\nAgain and again, Henry Kissinger\nhas explained to Americans and\n\n00:32:31.690 --\u003e 00:32:36.670\nto Europeans that they're no partners\nin world politics where have\n\n00:32:36.670 --\u003e 00:32:40.140\nmore in common than Europe and\nthe America.\n\n00:32:41.280 --\u003e 00:32:47.290\nAfter the end of the Cold War, and\non the threshold to the 21st Century,\n\n00:32:47.290 --\u003e 00:32:51.910\nEurope and America are facing new\nchallenges on a global scale.\n\n00:32:52.980 --\u003e 00:32:55.860\nThey will only meet them and\ncontribute to a stable,\n\n00:32:55.860 --\u003e 00:33:00.020\ncooperative world order by\nacting closely together.\n\n00:33:00.020 --\u003e 00:33:07.250\nHenry Kissinger has taught us that are no\nsimple answers to complex questions.\n\n00:33:07.250 --\u003e 00:33:12.049\nHe never believed that blueprints of\nall master plans are of any use to\n\n00:33:12.049 --\u003e 00:33:14.120\nforeign policy.\n\n00:33:14.120 --\u003e 00:33:19.950\nThat is also my conviction and this all\nit's more true in an ever complex world.\n\n00:33:19.950 --\u003e 00:33:24.780\nFor even any successful\nforeign policy has to rely\n\n00:33:24.780 --\u003e 00:33:29.070\non the sound balance between\npursuit of our interests and\n\n00:33:29.070 --\u003e 00:33:34.380\nrespect for our common values,\npeace, democracy, and freedom for\n\n00:33:34.380 --\u003e 00:33:39.630\nmankind, that applies to America and\nit applies to Europe.\n\n00:33:40.710 --\u003e 00:33:44.005\nIt's the end of his\ngreat book on diplomacy,\n\n00:33:44.005 --\u003e 00:33:48.775\nHenry Kissinger quotes the Spanish\nproverb in order to highlight\n\n00:33:48.775 --\u003e 00:33:52.602\nthe particular difficult\ncharacter of diplomacy.\n\n00:33:52.602 --\u003e 00:33:59.330\nQuote, traveler, there are no roads,\nroads are made by walking.\n\n00:33:59.330 --\u003e 00:34:04.101\nThis is true but\nthe more complex our world becomes,\n\n00:34:04.101 --\u003e 00:34:09.632\nthe more we need personalities\nwho know where we come from and\n\n00:34:09.632 --\u003e 00:34:13.300\nthe direction we should take.\n\n00:34:13.300 --\u003e 00:34:17.170\nHenry Kissinger is such a personality.\n\n00:34:17.170 --\u003e 00:34:23.725\nDear Henry, we have every real reason\nto thank you for what you achieved,\n\n00:34:23.725 --\u003e 00:34:28.919\nnot only for your country but\nalso for Germany and Europe.\n\n00:34:28.919 --\u003e 00:34:36.570\nSo we may need you and your advice also in\nfuture in America, as well as in Europe.\n\n00:34:36.570 --\u003e 00:34:39.140\nThank you very much.\n\n00:34:39.140 --\u003e 00:34:41.000\n\u003e\u003e Thank you minister Genscher.\n\n00:34:41.000 --\u003e 00:34:45.711\nI now have the great honor to the\nintroduce one of Henry Kissinger's closest\n\n00:34:45.711 --\u003e 00:34:47.412\nfriends and compatriots.\n\n00:34:47.412 --\u003e 00:34:50.054\nA woman who helped to found and\n\n00:34:50.054 --\u003e 00:34:55.763\nto publish over the years the great\nweekly newspaper Die Zeit and\n\n00:34:55.763 --\u003e 00:35:00.320\nwho has been its guidance director for\na long time.\n\n00:35:01.640 --\u003e 00:35:04.417\nA woman we are very happy to\nhave among us here tonight,\n\n00:35:04.417 --\u003e 00:35:09.808\nMarion Countess Doenhoff.\n\n00:35:09.808 --\u003e 00:35:15.313\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\u003e\u003e Yeah,\n\n00:35:15.313 --\u003e 00:35:19.260\nHenry, my thoughts go back forty years.\n\n00:35:20.910 --\u003e 00:35:25.901\nIt was in 1955, we met for\nthe first time in Harvard\n\n00:35:25.901 --\u003e 00:35:32.560\nthrough Ian Armstrong the editor for\nforeign affairs.\n\n00:35:32.560 --\u003e 00:35:38.860\nYou were then a young academician who\nonly a year before, had got his PhD.\n\n00:35:40.430 --\u003e 00:35:45.240\nI was fascinated by Henry's\nbrilliant intellect and\n\n00:35:45.240 --\u003e 00:35:48.338\nhis worldwide interest in politics.\n\n00:35:48.338 --\u003e 00:35:52.100\nHence I felt this relationship not,\n\n00:35:52.100 --\u003e 00:35:56.630\nabsolutely not vanish,\nwe should continue it.\n\n00:35:56.630 --\u003e 00:36:00.450\nHe promised to let me know when\nnext time he comes to Germany.\n\n00:36:02.250 --\u003e 00:36:05.187\nWhen he came next time\nI invited him to Bonn.\n\n00:36:05.187 --\u003e 00:36:11.800\nI invited him for lunch to the best\nrestaurant, which then existed.\n\n00:36:11.800 --\u003e 00:36:16.380\nWe had a delicious meal,\ndrank a lot, and talked endlessly.\n\n00:36:17.920 --\u003e 00:36:23.040\nI can't quite remember what it was\nall about, but unforgettable was his\n\n00:36:23.040 --\u003e 00:36:28.529\nanswer to my question,\nwhat kind of person is Mr.?\n\n00:36:29.880 --\u003e 00:36:34.695\nHenry's answer, ihe is one who\nknows everything and nothing else.\n\n00:36:34.695 --\u003e 00:36:42.767\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Eventually,\n\n00:36:42.767 --\u003e 00:36:48.338\nwe had to leave, but when I opened my\npurse in order to pay I grew pale.\n\n00:36:48.338 --\u003e 00:36:50.864\nThere was nothing in my purse.\n\n00:36:50.864 --\u003e 00:36:56.782\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Henry deadpan\n\n00:36:56.782 --\u003e 00:37:01.292\nreaction was [FOREIGN].\n\n00:37:01.292 --\u003e 00:37:03.572\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:37:03.572 --\u003e 00:37:13.364\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\n00:37:13.364 --\u003e 00:37:14.487\n\u003e\u003e And he paid the bill.\n\n00:37:17.718 --\u003e 00:37:22.586\nHis first book,\nWorld of the Storm appeared in 1957.\n\n00:37:22.586 --\u003e 00:37:27.794\nI was present when he gave\nhis first speech in Berlin,\n\n00:37:27.794 --\u003e 00:37:33.480\nthe Wallenberg lecture,\nwhere he referred to that book.\n\n00:37:34.850 --\u003e 00:37:39.320\nHe mentioned how impatient he\nhad waited for the first review.\n\n00:37:40.430 --\u003e 00:37:47.227\nWhen it eventually appeared\nthe reviewer according to Henry wrote,\n\n00:37:47.227 --\u003e 00:37:52.617\nI do not know whether this\nauthor is a great author I only\n\n00:37:52.617 --\u003e 00:37:57.790\nknow that he who reads this\nbook must a great reader.\n\n00:38:06.118 --\u003e 00:38:10.363\nI don't know anyone,\nas quick in his reactions and\n\n00:38:10.363 --\u003e 00:38:14.420\nas pertinent in his remarks\nas Henry Kissinger.\n\n00:38:14.420 --\u003e 00:38:18.191\nWhen in 75, Walther Scheel as\n\n00:38:18.191 --\u003e 00:38:23.222\nBundespräsident presented Jack McCloy in\n\n00:38:23.222 --\u003e 00:38:28.670\nhonor of his 80th\nbirthday with a donation,\n\n00:38:28.670 --\u003e 00:38:35.400\nwhich later became known as\nthe Jack McCloy Foundation.\n\n00:38:35.400 --\u003e 00:38:36.800\nKissinger gave a luncheon.\n\n00:38:37.910 --\u003e 00:38:42.360\nHe had just returned from one of his many\n\n00:38:42.360 --\u003e 00:38:47.370\njourneys to the near East, as usual,\noverburdened with problems.\n\n00:38:48.880 --\u003e 00:38:54.860\nEverybody therefore waited with\ngreat attention when he began saying\n\n00:38:54.860 --\u003e 00:38:59.480\nmy worst worrying problem\nhas always been the act of\n\n00:38:59.480 --\u003e 00:39:04.430\nthe American Constitution which doesn't\nallow me to become a candidate for\n\n00:39:04.430 --\u003e 00:39:07.632\nthe US Presidency-\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:39:07.632 --\u003e 00:39:10.833\n\u003e\u003e Because I was not born in this country.\n\n00:39:10.833 --\u003e 00:39:15.694\nBut, he went on,\nnow I have found a solution.\n\n00:39:15.694 --\u003e 00:39:23.214\nI propose that Bavaria, where Strauss was\nruling be attached to the United States.\n\n00:39:23.214 --\u003e 00:39:26.017\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:39:26.017 --\u003e 00:39:31.461\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\n00:39:31.461 --\u003e 00:39:33.524\n\u003e\u003e As the 54th state, and\n\n00:39:33.524 --\u003e 00:39:38.730\nlooking at Walther Scheel he said,\nfrom what I hear I think Mr.\n\n00:39:38.730 --\u003e 00:39:43.766\nPresident that this might also\nsolve some of your problems.\n\n00:39:43.766 --\u003e 00:39:52.236\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:39:52.236 --\u003e 00:39:55.533\n\u003e\u003e Of Henry Kissinger's many achievements,\n\n00:39:55.533 --\u003e 00:40:02.020\nI admire most that he succeeded in\nchanging America's intellectual approach.\n\n00:40:02.020 --\u003e 00:40:03.010\nTo foreign policy.\n\n00:40:04.160 --\u003e 00:40:07.830\nAnd to Kissinger Kennedy's\nefforts notwithstanding,\n\n00:40:08.850 --\u003e 00:40:13.010\nthe rather simplistic ideology\nof John Foster Dulles,\n\n00:40:13.010 --\u003e 00:40:18.010\nwho divided the world in good and\nbad people still prevails.\n\n00:40:19.080 --\u003e 00:40:23.467\nRemember that Dulles\nrefused to shake hands with\n\n00:40:23.467 --\u003e 00:40:28.068\nZhou En-lai because he was a communist and\n\n00:40:28.068 --\u003e 00:40:34.820\nDean Rusk insisted that Taiwan\nwas 50 million people, was China.\n\n00:40:34.820 --\u003e 00:40:40.959\nWhile mainland China was then 1,800\nmillion, Chinese did not exist.\n\n00:40:43.320 --\u003e 00:40:50.607\nLast year, Fritz Stern and I were\ninvited for a weekend to Henry's datcha.\n\n00:40:50.607 --\u003e 00:40:56.816\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e We spent\n\n00:40:56.816 --\u003e 00:41:01.519\nan exciting evening together, discussing\nworld affairs in all their aspects.\n\n00:41:02.640 --\u003e 00:41:05.700\nThis went on next morning\nover by breakfast.\n\n00:41:06.750 --\u003e 00:41:10.380\nSomehow we eventually got to the question,\n\n00:41:10.380 --\u003e 00:41:15.390\nif an individual can influence\nthe cause of history?\n\n00:41:15.390 --\u003e 00:41:22.210\nMy argument, take Hitler, he was\nbadly wounded in the first World War\n\n00:41:22.210 --\u003e 00:41:27.520\nif he had been killed,\nthere would have been no Nazis in Germany.\n\n00:41:27.520 --\u003e 00:41:31.612\nPerhaps an authoritarian\ngovernment is in Poland,\n\n00:41:31.612 --\u003e 00:41:35.240\nPortugal or Italy at the time,\nbut no Nazism.\n\n00:41:36.310 --\u003e 00:41:41.880\nIf no Nazism then the World War II\nwould not have taken place.\n\n00:41:41.880 --\u003e 00:41:46.420\nIf no World War II,\nthen no partition of Europe.\n\n00:41:46.420 --\u003e 00:41:50.626\nI went on and\non with my escalation, suddenly,\n\n00:41:50.626 --\u003e 00:41:55.682\none could hear Henry's voice and\nthen I will be [FOREIGN].\n\n00:41:55.682 --\u003e 00:42:00.678\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:42:00.678 --\u003e 00:42:08.674\n[APPLAUSE]\n\n00:42:08.674 --\u003e 00:42:11.061\n\u003e\u003e I was told I should now say I lift my\n\n00:42:11.061 --\u003e 00:42:15.501\nglass in order to drink to Henry's\nhealth but I have no glass.\n\n00:42:15.501 --\u003e 00:42:20.609\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:42:20.609 --\u003e 00:42:28.783\n[APPLAUSE]\n\n00:42:28.783 --\u003e 00:42:31.888\n\u003e\u003e So Henry we lift our glass to you\n\n00:42:31.888 --\u003e 00:42:32.849\nanyway.\n\n00:42:32.849 --\u003e 00:42:38.399\nNow, I would I'd like to\nsay that I was present one\n\n00:42:38.399 --\u003e 00:42:43.830\ntime when someone\nintroduced Henry Kissinger.\n\n00:42:43.830 --\u003e 00:42:48.184\nI think it was in Stuttgart, and\n\n00:42:48.184 --\u003e 00:42:52.539\nI learned something from that,\n\n00:42:52.539 --\u003e 00:42:56.260\nbecause that person said,\n\n00:42:58.701 --\u003e 00:43:03.076\nEverybody in the room knows\nHenry Kissinger, and so\n\n00:43:03.076 --\u003e 00:43:06.960\nthere is really no need for\nme to say anything.\n\n00:43:08.070 --\u003e 00:43:10.923\nSo ladies and gentlemen,\nHenry Kissinger and\n\n00:43:10.923 --\u003e 00:43:15.821\nHenry got up, and it was rather quiet in\nthere and he looked around for a while and\n\n00:43:15.821 --\u003e 00:43:18.919\nsaid I suppose, no,\nhe didn't say, I suppose.\n\n00:43:18.919 --\u003e 00:43:21.545\nHe said, I suppose.\n\n00:43:21.545 --\u003e 00:43:27.210\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e That that was a good introduction,\n\n00:43:27.210 --\u003e 00:43:33.158\nbut a few superlatives\nwould have been all right.\n\n00:43:33.158 --\u003e 00:43:41.052\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:43:41.052 --\u003e 00:43:44.383\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH] I was in a very distant,\n\n00:43:44.383 --\u003e 00:43:48.915\nisolated place with him once time when we\n\n00:43:48.915 --\u003e 00:43:53.327\nlanded in an airplane to get some fuel.\n\n00:43:53.327 --\u003e 00:43:55.827\nAnd I never have mentioned this anywhere,\nbut\n\n00:43:55.827 --\u003e 00:43:59.880\nit was something that really affected\nme very much about Henry Kissinger.\n\n00:44:02.090 --\u003e 00:44:09.140\nThere are lots of things that are said\nabout Henry Kissinger and his superb ego.\n\n00:44:09.140 --\u003e 00:44:11.858\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e We got off this plane\n\n00:44:11.858 --\u003e 00:44:15.602\nbecause the plane had to refuel and\nthere was nothing to do but walk around.\n\n00:44:15.602 --\u003e 00:44:18.589\nBut it turned out that a husband and\n\n00:44:18.589 --\u003e 00:44:23.430\nwife television team was there,\nand somehow or other,\n\n00:44:23.430 --\u003e 00:44:28.790\nthey had heard that an important\nperson was on this airplane.\n\n00:44:28.790 --\u003e 00:44:32.757\nBut they didn't know who\nthe important person was.\n\n00:44:32.757 --\u003e 00:44:37.258\nAnd Henry and\nI were walking through the airport and\n\n00:44:37.258 --\u003e 00:44:41.132\nthey stopped us, and said something like,\n\n00:44:41.132 --\u003e 00:44:46.170\nwe know that there's an important\nperson on this plane.\n\n00:44:46.170 --\u003e 00:44:50.320\nAnd we would like to just interview\nthat person, if that would be possible.\n\n00:44:50.320 --\u003e 00:44:52.010\nAnd they were very polite people.\n\n00:44:52.010 --\u003e 00:44:53.670\nThey're also absolutely naive.\n\n00:44:53.670 --\u003e 00:44:55.094\nIt's unbelievable how naive.\n\n00:44:55.094 --\u003e 00:44:57.941\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Look, the media is always naive, but\n\n00:44:57.941 --\u003e 00:44:58.713\nnot this naive.\n\n00:44:58.713 --\u003e 00:45:01.404\nSo anyway-\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:45:01.404 --\u003e 00:45:03.380\n\u003e\u003e I just thought it was wonderful,\n\n00:45:03.380 --\u003e 00:45:04.791\nbecause Henry said, or\n\n00:45:04.791 --\u003e 00:45:09.390\nI said something like the important\nperson is Henry Kissinger and here he is.\n\n00:45:09.390 --\u003e 00:45:13.181\nAnd so they said, well, we would\nlike to ask you some questions and\n\n00:45:13.181 --\u003e 00:45:16.365\nthen they stumbled all over themselves and\nHenry says,\n\n00:45:16.365 --\u003e 00:45:19.903\nwell a good question would be this and\nhe gave them a question.\n\n00:45:19.903 --\u003e 00:45:30.673\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH].\n\n00:45:30.673 --\u003e 00:45:36.159\n\u003e\u003e And so\nthey said Would you answer my question?\n\n00:45:36.159 --\u003e 00:45:40.003\nHe said, yes, and as a matter of\nfact I have an answer for you guys.\n\n00:45:40.003 --\u003e 00:45:44.797\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e And anyway,\n\n00:45:44.797 --\u003e 00:45:49.057\nnot like that, but it was just so\nwonderful because he could have said,\n\n00:45:49.057 --\u003e 00:45:53.466\nthese people can't do anything for\nme what's they really couldn't do.\n\n00:45:53.466 --\u003e 00:45:57.405\nI mean this is a very, very,\nvery local place in the world.\n\n00:45:57.405 --\u003e 00:46:00.017\nI don't even wanna mention it,\nit is so small.\n\n00:46:00.017 --\u003e 00:46:03.727\nBut he doesn't make this\nsummary from that place either.\n\n00:46:03.727 --\u003e 00:46:08.743\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e But I really did.\n\n00:46:08.743 --\u003e 00:46:13.863\nI thought it was so\ngood at [INAUDIBLE] the way he handled it.\n\n00:46:13.863 --\u003e 00:46:18.930\nI really,\nthat's just a little minor point but\n\n00:46:18.930 --\u003e 00:46:23.628\nI gained a lot more respect for\nhim for that.\n\n00:46:23.628 --\u003e 00:46:28.053\nAnd so now ladies and gentlemen,\nif I can take this opportunity to\n\n00:46:28.053 --\u003e 00:46:31.844\nintroduce to you tonight\nthe [FOREIGN] Henry Kissinger.\n\n00:46:31.844 --\u003e 00:46:37.900\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:46:37.900 --\u003e 00:46:47.590\n[APPLAUSE]\n\n00:46:47.590 --\u003e 00:46:54.191\n\u003e\u003e Mr chairman, Hans Dietrich, Marion and\n\n00:46:54.191 --\u003e 00:46:59.285\nfriends, Secretary General,\n\n00:46:59.285 --\u003e 00:47:04.378\nso many distinguished guests,\n\n00:47:04.378 --\u003e 00:47:09.661\n[COUGH] and all the billion remarks\n\n00:47:09.661 --\u003e 00:47:14.956\nthat have been attributed to me.\n\n00:47:14.956 --\u003e 00:47:19.978\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e [COUGH] Including by my\n\n00:47:19.978 --\u003e 00:47:25.066\nold friend there the and\nyou'll do him a great favor\n\n00:47:25.066 --\u003e 00:47:31.195\nif you don't spread the word that he and\nI were usually on the same side.\n\n00:47:31.195 --\u003e 00:47:36.160\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:47:36.160 --\u003e 00:47:44.106\n[APPLAUSE]\n\n00:47:44.106 --\u003e 00:47:47.428\n\u003e\u003e I find myself in the position in which\n\n00:47:47.428 --\u003e 00:47:52.356\nI once was at the reception,\nwhen a lady came up to me and\n\n00:47:52.356 --\u003e 00:47:57.407\nsaid I understand you\nare a fascinating man, she said.\n\n00:47:57.407 --\u003e 00:47:59.870\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Fascinate me.\n\n00:47:59.870 --\u003e 00:48:09.870\n[LAUGH]\n\n00:48:18.930 --\u003e 00:48:23.755\n\u003e\u003e It turned into one of\nthe less successful [INAUDIBLE].\n\n00:48:23.755 --\u003e 00:48:27.307\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e That I have had.\n\n00:48:27.307 --\u003e 00:48:34.065\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e I\n\n00:48:34.065 --\u003e 00:48:40.612\nfind this evening a very moving occasion.\n\n00:48:40.612 --\u003e 00:48:46.823\nThe fact that my mother can be here,\n\n00:48:46.823 --\u003e 00:48:51.378\nand my brother, taking us\n\n00:48:51.378 --\u003e 00:48:56.566\nback to our youth in Germany.\n\n00:48:56.566 --\u003e 00:49:01.893\nThat fact that Hans-Dietrich Genscher,\nmy colleague and\n\n00:49:01.893 --\u003e 00:49:06.911\nfriend, came across the Atlantic\nto make that speech.\n\n00:49:09.640 --\u003e 00:49:14.512\nAnd Marion Donhoff, whom I have\n\n00:49:14.512 --\u003e 00:49:19.029\nbeen meeting for 40 years.\n\n00:49:21.602 --\u003e 00:49:29.029\nI occasionally have an influence on\nher writings for about three weeks.\n\n00:49:29.029 --\u003e 00:49:30.848\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH].\n\n00:49:30.848 --\u003e 00:49:32.767\n\u003e\u003e And then she backslides again.\n\n00:49:32.767 --\u003e 00:49:42.424\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:49:42.424 --\u003e 00:49:47.136\n\u003e\u003e None of which has ever affected\n\n00:49:47.136 --\u003e 00:49:49.526\nmy affection.\n\n00:49:49.526 --\u003e 00:49:56.052\nIndeed on one of the birthday celebrations\n\n00:49:56.052 --\u003e 00:50:00.771\nthat I had the honor to attend.\n\n00:50:00.771 --\u003e 00:50:06.473\nI said about Marion that\nin the Jewish mythology,\n\n00:50:06.473 --\u003e 00:50:14.234\nthere's a saying that this sinful\nworld is being preserved by God.\n\n00:50:14.234 --\u003e 00:50:19.400\nBecause at any one time,\nthere are ten just men or\n\n00:50:19.400 --\u003e 00:50:24.440\nwomen in this world which\nmake it worth saving,\n\n00:50:24.440 --\u003e 00:50:27.969\nMarion is certainly one of them.\n\n00:50:27.969 --\u003e 00:50:37.102\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE]\n\n00:50:40.445 --\u003e 00:50:45.442\n\u003e\u003e Hans-Dietrich Genscher, with whom I had\n\n00:50:45.442 --\u003e 00:50:50.158\nthe honor to work for\na number of years and\n\n00:50:50.158 --\u003e 00:50:56.011\nthen to observe for\nseveral decades thereafter.\n\n00:50:56.011 --\u003e 00:50:59.280\nHas made an extraordinary contribution.\n\n00:51:00.930 --\u003e 00:51:04.130\nTo be foreign minister\nof a divided country\n\n00:51:05.830 --\u003e 00:51:08.820\nis an extraordinarily difficult task.\n\n00:51:10.890 --\u003e 00:51:16.835\nOn the one hand Germany's position\n\n00:51:16.835 --\u003e 00:51:23.579\ndepended on close ties to the alliance.\n\n00:51:23.579 --\u003e 00:51:28.790\nOn the other,\nany German foreign minister had\n\n00:51:28.790 --\u003e 00:51:33.872\nto keep alive the principle\nof unification.\n\n00:51:33.872 --\u003e 00:51:38.719\nAnd no matter what any of us would say,\n\n00:51:38.719 --\u003e 00:51:44.477\nGerman unification had\nto be more concern for\n\n00:51:44.477 --\u003e 00:51:49.500\nGermans than for Germany's friends.\n\n00:51:49.500 --\u003e 00:51:52.453\nNo matter how serious they took it.\n\n00:51:52.453 --\u003e 00:51:58.235\nSo, there was always the danger\nthat a German Foreign Minister\n\n00:51:58.235 --\u003e 00:52:02.825\npursuing the inevitable\nobjectives of Germany.\n\n00:52:02.825 --\u003e 00:52:07.956\nMight be misunderstood as conducting\n\n00:52:07.956 --\u003e 00:52:12.291\na largely nationalist policy.\n\n00:52:12.291 --\u003e 00:52:20.444\nHans-Dietrich conducted his\npolicy with enormous delicacy.\n\n00:52:20.444 --\u003e 00:52:26.958\nA friend of America\ndevoted to the alliance.\n\n00:52:26.958 --\u003e 00:52:31.650\nAnd nevertheless never losing sight of\n\n00:52:31.650 --\u003e 00:52:37.200\nthe long range necessities\nof his own people.\n\n00:52:41.460 --\u003e 00:52:48.405\nAbout two years ago I had the privilege\n\n00:52:48.405 --\u003e 00:52:54.483\nof attending a weekend in Halle,\n\n00:52:54.483 --\u003e 00:53:00.800\nHans-Dietrich's birthplace.\n\n00:53:00.800 --\u003e 00:53:04.654\nIt came about in the following manner.\n\n00:53:04.654 --\u003e 00:53:09.908\nHans-Dietrich had the habit of\ntelling all the ministers or\n\n00:53:09.908 --\u003e 00:53:12.489\nheads of state he dealt with.\n\n00:53:12.489 --\u003e 00:53:18.167\nOf asking them to promise\nhim that they would\n\n00:53:18.167 --\u003e 00:53:24.769\ngo with him to Halle whenever\nGermany was unified.\n\n00:53:24.769 --\u003e 00:53:28.649\nIt was an easy promise for us to make\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n00:53:28.649 --\u003e 00:53:29.535\n\u003e\u003e Because we thought it\n\n00:53:29.535 --\u003e 00:53:30.425\nwould never happen.\n\n00:53:30.425 --\u003e 00:53:32.911\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e So\n\n00:53:32.911 --\u003e 00:53:37.710\nHans-Dietrich had asked\nme to make that promise.\n\n00:53:39.500 --\u003e 00:53:44.449\nAnd he had asked Gorbachev\nto make that promise.\n\n00:53:44.449 --\u003e 00:53:45.971\nWhich I must say took some nerve.\n\n00:53:45.971 --\u003e 00:53:50.586\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Considering that East Germany at\n\n00:53:50.586 --\u003e 00:53:54.011\nthat time was under Communist rule.\n\n00:53:54.011 --\u003e 00:53:59.294\nIt was a triumph of\nfaith over cold analysis\n\n00:53:59.294 --\u003e 00:54:04.726\nthat the day would come when Hans-Dietrich\n\n00:54:04.726 --\u003e 00:54:09.294\ncould call in his promissory notes.\n\n00:54:11.334 --\u003e 00:54:14.710\nAnd Gorbachev and\n\n00:54:14.710 --\u003e 00:54:19.660\nI visited Halle with him,\n\n00:54:19.660 --\u003e 00:54:27.318\nas his guests to a series of ceremonies.\n\n00:54:27.318 --\u003e 00:54:33.700\nWhich mark the culmination of an evolution\n\n00:54:33.700 --\u003e 00:54:38.664\nto which nobody contributed more\n\n00:54:38.664 --\u003e 00:54:43.645\nthan Hans-Dietrich Genscher.\n\n00:54:43.645 --\u003e 00:54:49.036\nIn addition of course, I have greatly\n\n00:54:49.036 --\u003e 00:54:54.770\nvalued his friendship and his loyalty.\n\n00:54:57.250 --\u003e 00:55:02.268\nAnd if it does not ruin his reputation,\n\n00:55:02.268 --\u003e 00:55:08.961\nI would say that I appreciate\nhis sentimental side of\n\n00:55:08.961 --\u003e 00:55:15.059\nhis nature as much as his\nstatements like that.\n\n00:55:15.059 --\u003e 00:55:23.322\nNow, people often refer to\nmy birth in Germany and\n\n00:55:23.322 --\u003e 00:55:29.036\nto the ties that were formed then.\n\n00:55:32.165 --\u003e 00:55:39.082\nBut the Germany that I have been\nmost closely associated with,\n\n00:55:39.082 --\u003e 00:55:46.143\nand feel most closely connected\nwith is the post-war Germany.\n\n00:55:46.143 --\u003e 00:55:51.562\nI arrived with an American\ninfantry division,\n\n00:55:51.562 --\u003e 00:55:55.359\nin a country totally destroyed.\n\n00:55:57.988 --\u003e 00:56:00.823\nThe younger generation that\ndid not live through it.\n\n00:56:00.823 --\u003e 00:56:06.065\nCannot imagine the rebel of\n\n00:56:06.065 --\u003e 00:56:12.130\nthose the absence of any communication.\n\n00:56:14.150 --\u003e 00:56:20.189\nI mention it only to point out\nthe moral strength it took\n\n00:56:21.690 --\u003e 00:56:27.440\neven to begin to imagine the process\nof rebuilding physically.\n\n00:56:29.490 --\u003e 00:56:36.969\nOut of this rubble grew\na democratic society.\n\n00:56:36.969 --\u003e 00:56:43.857\nWhich, around 1949 made\na heroic decision for\n\n00:56:43.857 --\u003e 00:56:49.472\nwhich it never has received full credit.\n\n00:56:49.472 --\u003e 00:56:56.270\nNamely, that the leaders of\ndemocratic Germany having been\n\n00:56:56.270 --\u003e 00:57:01.880\noffered unification,\nin the good for maturity.\n\n00:57:03.250 --\u003e 00:57:08.940\nNevertheless, decided they\nwould rather keep the country\n\n00:57:08.940 --\u003e 00:57:13.770\ndivided so that they could remain\ntied to the democratic list\n\n00:57:15.010 --\u003e 00:57:22.413\nthan do back again on\nunanswered of nationalism.\n\n00:57:24.020 --\u003e 00:57:25.790\nIt was a heroic decision.\n\n00:57:27.050 --\u003e 00:57:33.170\nNobody could predict at that\ntime that it would ever end\n\n00:57:34.710 --\u003e 00:57:39.350\nor how it would end.\n\n00:57:39.350 --\u003e 00:57:40.574\nIt is in [INAUDIBLE].\n\n00:57:41.920 --\u003e 00:57:48.593\nIn this period,\nthat a community of values and\n\n00:57:48.593 --\u003e 00:57:56.294\na community of interests\ngrew out between Germany and\n\n00:57:56.294 --\u003e 00:58:01.440\nAmerica, and Germany and Europe.\n\n00:58:01.440 --\u003e 00:58:06.302\nWithout which the cold war would not have\n\n00:58:06.302 --\u003e 00:58:10.450\ncome to the conclusion that it is.\n\n00:58:12.840 --\u003e 00:58:18.826\nNow the two tides of\nthe Atlantic find themselves\n\n00:58:18.826 --\u003e 00:58:23.940\nin the position that they have achieved.\n\n00:58:25.590 --\u003e 00:58:30.550\nEverything they set out\nto do 40 years ago.\n\n00:58:32.840 --\u003e 00:58:38.023\nAnd then the question arises whether\n\n00:58:38.023 --\u003e 00:58:42.036\nthat unity that brought us so\n\n00:58:42.036 --\u003e 00:58:46.884\nfar was a necessity of a particular\n\n00:58:46.884 --\u003e 00:58:51.581\ndanger who has a deeper purpose.\n\n00:58:56.110 --\u003e 00:59:01.204\nBoth sides of the Atlantic\nare undergoing extraordinary changes.\n\n00:59:03.600 --\u003e 00:59:06.228\nIn the United State,\n\n00:59:06.228 --\u003e 00:59:11.924\na generation that formed\nthe Marshall Plan and\n\n00:59:11.924 --\u003e 00:59:16.743\nNATO and the structure of the Cold War,\n\n00:59:16.743 --\u003e 00:59:22.160\nthe generation that ended the depression.\n\n00:59:23.650 --\u003e 00:59:28.690\nAnd went through World War II\nin the Korean war\n\n00:59:30.670 --\u003e 00:59:35.160\nwas characterized by deep faith\n\n00:59:36.860 --\u003e 00:59:41.629\nin America and it's road on the world.\n\n00:59:43.800 --\u003e 00:59:49.075\nThe generation that succeeded\nit was formed by the Vietnam war\n\n00:59:49.075 --\u003e 00:59:56.930\nwhich was an unsuccessful enterprise.\n\n00:59:56.930 --\u003e 01:00:00.150\nAnd it grew more inward looking and\n\n01:00:00.150 --\u003e 01:00:05.650\nwas more concerned with\nremoving America's blemishes.\n\n01:00:08.300 --\u003e 01:00:13.609\nWolfe believed that foreign policy could\n\n01:00:13.609 --\u003e 01:00:18.614\nbe identified with simply the spread of\n\n01:00:18.614 --\u003e 01:00:24.084\nAmerican institutions on a global basis.\n\n01:00:27.272 --\u003e 01:00:28.751\nAnd in addition.\n\n01:00:32.154 --\u003e 01:00:36.741\nThis man of attention, of the generation\n\n01:00:36.741 --\u003e 01:00:41.329\nbrought up on computers and television,\n\n01:00:41.329 --\u003e 01:00:47.358\nis shorter then of the generation\nbrought up on books so\n\n01:00:47.358 --\u003e 01:00:52.076\nthat political leaders\nfirst of all find it\n\n01:00:52.076 --\u003e 01:00:57.056\nmore difficult to form\ntheir own opinions and\n\n01:00:57.056 --\u003e 01:01:01.296\nmore difficult to lead their people.\n\n01:01:01.296 --\u003e 01:01:06.682\nSo, America is in need of defining\n\n01:01:06.682 --\u003e 01:01:10.954\nits purpose in the world but\n\n01:01:10.954 --\u003e 01:01:16.726\nEurope too has serious challenges.\n\n01:01:16.726 --\u003e 01:01:20.532\nHow is Europe to be formed?\n\n01:01:23.011 --\u003e 01:01:28.173\nWhere does Europe begin and end?\n\n01:01:28.173 --\u003e 01:01:33.862\nHow can one incorporate, The new\n\n01:01:33.862 --\u003e 01:01:39.310\nnations of Eastern Europe\ninto the European system?\n\n01:01:41.842 --\u003e 01:01:43.980\nAnd I was, last week in Brussels.\n\n01:01:45.720 --\u003e 01:01:49.530\nAnd I spoke to one eminent European\n\n01:01:51.660 --\u003e 01:01:55.660\nand the issue was should the Baltic\nstates enter NATO or not.\n\n01:01:56.790 --\u003e 01:01:57.809\nAnd I said, at a minimum.\n\n01:01:59.290 --\u003e 01:02:03.650\nWhy can't they at least be taken\ninto the European Union quickly?\n\n01:02:04.670 --\u003e 01:02:08.260\nWhat possible damage can 10 million\n\n01:02:08.260 --\u003e 01:02:12.700\npoles do if you took them\ninto the European Union now?\n\n01:02:14.730 --\u003e 01:02:18.210\nWell, it's distinguished\ngentleman said to me.\n\n01:02:18.210 --\u003e 01:02:20.738\nThe schedule does not permit it.\n\n01:02:20.738 --\u003e 01:02:25.929\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e They're not scheduled for\n\n01:02:25.929 --\u003e 01:02:31.613\na discussion, and\nwe must follow the procedures.\n\n01:02:31.613 --\u003e 01:02:37.190\nSo it is an important question.\n\n01:02:38.730 --\u003e 01:02:44.290\nHow Europe is to be formed, whether it is\n\n01:02:44.290 --\u003e 01:02:50.980\nto be defined by the bureaucratic\nnorms of existing institutions,\n\n01:02:50.980 --\u003e 01:02:56.620\nor whether it can be given\nsome longer term vision.\n\n01:02:59.960 --\u003e 01:03:05.150\nAnd the next question that is,\nwhat is the relationship to\n\n01:03:05.150 --\u003e 01:03:12.980\nbe of Europe to America?\n\n01:03:12.980 --\u003e 01:03:19.340\nAnd it is a question that must be\nasked on both sides of the Atlantic.\n\n01:03:22.400 --\u003e 01:03:27.913\nIn our country,\none of the favorite parlor games of\n\n01:03:27.913 --\u003e 01:03:34.990\nintellectuals and\npoliticians is to debate the question.\n\n01:03:36.570 --\u003e 01:03:42.340\nShould American foreign policies\nbe informed by moral principles\n\n01:03:43.680 --\u003e 01:03:47.087\nin dedication to democracy all for\n\n01:03:47.087 --\u003e 01:03:53.008\nit be conducted on\nthe basis of real politics.\n\n01:03:53.008 --\u003e 01:03:57.700\nAnd then, usually,\n\n01:03:57.700 --\u003e 01:04:00.600\nI mentioned a horrible example-\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n01:04:00.600 --\u003e 01:04:02.980\n\u003e\u003e Of real politics And\n\n01:04:02.980 --\u003e 01:04:08.318\nsomebody who reads Matinee\nin Bismark by candlelight.\n\n01:04:08.318 --\u003e 01:04:13.753\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e But the fact is,\n\n01:04:13.753 --\u003e 01:04:20.658\npurely our politic is not possible.\n\n01:04:20.658 --\u003e 01:04:27.500\nBecause all the top decisions are 51 49,\n\n01:04:27.500 --\u003e 01:04:32.180\nand those are the easier ones,\n\n01:04:32.180 --\u003e 01:04:35.790\n50.1 to 49.9.\n\n01:04:35.790 --\u003e 01:04:41.938\nAnd without strong moral convictions and\nsome moral compass,\n\n01:04:41.938 --\u003e 01:04:48.320\nstatesmanship becomes a prescription for\na nervous breakdown.\n\n01:04:50.400 --\u003e 01:04:53.480\nSo the question is not whether\n\n01:04:54.860 --\u003e 01:04:59.650\nwe should be animated by\ncommittment to democracy.\n\n01:05:01.645 --\u003e 01:05:07.535\nThe question, with respect to the spread\nof democracy around the world,\n\n01:05:07.535 --\u003e 01:05:09.720\nis a different one in my view\n\n01:05:13.231 --\u003e 01:05:18.424\nDemocracy developed in\nthe western societies as a result\n\n01:05:18.424 --\u003e 01:05:23.315\nof 800 years of evolution And\n\n01:05:23.315 --\u003e 01:05:29.440\nvery particular historical accidents and\ncircumstances.\n\n01:05:31.830 --\u003e 01:05:36.828\nThe existence of\nan aristocracy independent\n\n01:05:36.828 --\u003e 01:05:40.382\nof the existence of a religion.\n\n01:05:40.382 --\u003e 01:05:47.020\nWhich no matter how autocratic itself,\nhad a separate line of authority.\n\n01:05:47.020 --\u003e 01:05:51.840\nSo that pluralism was\nbuilt into the system,\n\n01:05:51.840 --\u003e 01:05:53.580\nwhich has happened in no other society.\n\n01:05:55.000 --\u003e 01:06:00.409\nThe Reformation,\nthe Age of Enlightenment, capitalism,\n\n01:06:00.409 --\u003e 01:06:04.765\nthe age of discovery,\nall these produced a mix.\n\n01:06:04.765 --\u003e 01:06:09.715\nThat by the middle of\nthe 20th century had produced\n\n01:06:09.715 --\u003e 01:06:13.664\nwhat we now call pluralistic democracy.\n\n01:06:15.919 --\u003e 01:06:20.453\nIn dealing with other societies we should\n\n01:06:20.453 --\u003e 01:06:25.380\nhave some understanding and some patience.\n\n01:06:26.400 --\u003e 01:06:34.473\nYou're not asking them to accept in\nthe first decades of their new positions.\n\n01:06:34.473 --\u003e 01:06:40.440\nThe final results of 800 years of\na particular cultural evolution.\n\n01:06:42.144 --\u003e 01:06:49.839\nThis is relevant to our relations in\nthe Middle East, in Asia and elsewhere.\n\n01:06:49.839 --\u003e 01:06:54.935\nBut I want to Indicate that\n\n01:06:54.935 --\u003e 01:06:59.851\nthere is one area in the world\nin which the practice of\n\n01:06:59.851 --\u003e 01:07:04.230\nour democratic values\ncan be relevant today.\n\n01:07:05.800 --\u003e 01:07:10.932\nWhich is in the relationship of\nEurope to the United States.\n\n01:07:10.932 --\u003e 01:07:15.225\nAnd I would add the western\nhemisphere to this.\n\n01:07:16.635 --\u003e 01:07:23.341\nIn a world, Of growing fundamentalists,\n\n01:07:23.341 --\u003e 01:07:31.161\nof emerging states that call\nthemselves nations, but\n\n01:07:31.161 --\u003e 01:07:36.437\nthat are really classical empires.\n\n01:07:36.437 --\u003e 01:07:43.117\nIn such a world the western democracies\n\n01:07:43.117 --\u003e 01:07:48.583\ncould affirm a common destiny,\n\n01:07:48.583 --\u003e 01:07:55.067\nand could affirm parallel policies.\n\n01:07:55.067 --\u003e 01:07:58.941\nAnd in the next phase\nof Atlantic policies,\n\n01:07:58.941 --\u003e 01:08:04.190\nthat should be the objective\nof both sides of the Atlantic.\n\n01:08:05.990 --\u003e 01:08:09.710\nSome Europeans say they must unify, so\n\n01:08:09.710 --\u003e 01:08:15.450\nthat they can prevent American\ndomination of Europe.\n\n01:08:17.350 --\u003e 01:08:19.744\nThey need to have no fear of this,\n\n01:08:19.744 --\u003e 01:08:23.860\nit's easy to get America to\nbe disinterested in Europe.\n\n01:08:23.860 --\u003e 01:08:29.686\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e What's much harder is to keep America\n\n01:08:29.686 --\u003e 01:08:36.160\ncommitted and that requires\nsome sense of common destiny.\n\n01:08:38.240 --\u003e 01:08:42.270\nSo I would say,\nthat on both sides of the Atlantic,\n\n01:08:44.130 --\u003e 01:08:48.146\nthe next phase of our\nforeign policy needs to be\n\n01:08:48.146 --\u003e 01:08:54.000\na restoration of some of the dedication\n\n01:08:56.263 --\u003e 01:09:04.350\nAnd attitude and convictions of a common\ndestiny that brought us to this point.\n\n01:09:05.610 --\u003e 01:09:11.750\nBut of course now,\nin totally new conditions,\n\n01:09:11.750 --\u003e 01:09:14.974\nin this, the American,\n\n01:09:14.974 --\u003e 01:09:20.205\nGerman relationship will be decisive.\n\n01:09:20.205 --\u003e 01:09:25.789\nThe unification of Europe could\n\n01:09:25.789 --\u003e 01:09:31.786\nnot occur without a major decisive\n\n01:09:31.786 --\u003e 01:09:36.966\ncontribution from Germany.\n\n01:09:36.966 --\u003e 01:09:42.952\nAnd I'm sure that history will record\n\n01:09:42.952 --\u003e 01:09:49.508\nthat the role of Chancellor Kohl in this.\n\n01:09:49.508 --\u003e 01:09:54.493\nWas as important for the unification of\n\n01:09:54.493 --\u003e 01:09:59.029\nEurope as the original decisions.\n\n01:10:00.440 --\u003e 01:10:06.080\nOf the [INAUDIBLE] period for\nthe future of the Atlantic Alliance.\n\n01:10:10.950 --\u003e 01:10:17.379\nBut, we have not calculated\nbetween Europe and\n\n01:10:17.379 --\u003e 01:10:21.244\nAmerican common projects.\n\n01:10:21.244 --\u003e 01:10:28.370\nWe have dealt too much in tactical issues.\n\n01:10:28.370 --\u003e 01:10:33.170\nWe have talked too much of\ntechnical command arrangements\n\n01:10:34.450 --\u003e 01:10:38.290\nand too little of the purposes\nthey're supposed to serve.\n\n01:10:41.099 --\u003e 01:10:46.234\nThis seems to me the challenge we have for\nthe future.\n\n01:10:46.234 --\u003e 01:10:54.347\nNow, The reason this evening is so\n\n01:10:54.347 --\u003e 01:11:00.313\nmoving to me is because when\nI look around this room.\n\n01:11:00.313 --\u003e 01:11:08.740\nI see so many who have contributed\nto bringing us to this point,\n\n01:11:08.740 --\u003e 01:11:13.989\nso many comrades in common [INAUDIBLE].\n\n01:11:18.818 --\u003e 01:11:23.037\nMarion and Hans-Dietrich are not\n\n01:11:23.037 --\u003e 01:11:27.700\nforeigners as far as I'm concerned.\n\n01:11:29.705 --\u003e 01:11:36.265\nThey are partners and\nfriends in joint enterprise.\n\n01:11:36.265 --\u003e 01:11:42.804\nAnd if we [INAUDIBLE] around the room and\nstarted naming people and\n\n01:11:42.804 --\u003e 01:11:46.689\ndrew lines among the relationships.\n\n01:11:46.689 --\u003e 01:11:50.776\nThere would be many who\nfeel exactly the same way.\n\n01:11:50.776 --\u003e 01:11:55.265\nThe task of organizations like this,\n\n01:11:55.265 --\u003e 01:12:02.150\nit's to see that the next\ngeneration in the 21st century\n\n01:12:04.330 --\u003e 01:12:09.754\nCan look back and say,\nsimilar period of time,\n\n01:12:09.754 --\u003e 01:12:18.445\nand say our problem is that we've\naccomplished everything we set out to do.\n\n01:12:18.445 --\u003e 01:12:21.808\nProvided what they set out to do.\n\n01:12:21.808 --\u003e 01:12:27.925\nIf big enough to be worthy of those ends.\n\n01:12:27.925 --\u003e 01:12:29.464\nThank you very much.\n\n01:12:29.464 --\u003e 01:12:39.464\n\u003e\u003e [APPLAUSE].\n\n01:12:47.002 --\u003e 01:12:48.653\n\u003e\u003e The program says conclusion.\n\n01:12:48.653 --\u003e 01:12:49.914\nIt's gonna be just a closing.\n\n01:12:49.914 --\u003e 01:12:55.799\nI want to, first of all, thank\neverybody who is part of this evening.\n\n01:12:55.799 --\u003e 01:13:02.138\nAlso to say to Henry, that I think\nthe Council is videoing the events,\n\n01:13:02.138 --\u003e 01:13:07.840\nand I think that you'll have\na copy of the video in a few days.\n\n01:13:07.840 --\u003e 01:13:09.345\nThree very quick points.\n\n01:13:09.345 --\u003e 01:13:16.710\nOne is that I don't know Henry\nas long as has known him.\n\n01:13:16.710 --\u003e 01:13:20.310\nI met Henry when I was\nan undergraduate at Harvard.\n\n01:13:20.310 --\u003e 01:13:24.627\nAnd in thinking about this\nextraordinary man, his contribution to\n\n01:13:24.627 --\u003e 01:13:29.702\nGerman American understanding, you have\nto take into account that remarkable\n\n01:13:29.702 --\u003e 01:13:34.492\nchapter of his life when he was\nan academic, and a scholar, and a teacher.\n\n01:13:34.492 --\u003e 01:13:39.911\nAnd it made a huge impression\non lots of people,\n\n01:13:39.911 --\u003e 01:13:42.858\nnot the least, myself.\n\n01:13:42.858 --\u003e 01:13:48.950\nSecondly, when Marion touched on\nsomething quite profound about\n\n01:13:50.330 --\u003e 01:13:55.770\nhow great talent has left\nGermany to go elsewhere.\n\n01:13:57.050 --\u003e 01:13:59.920\nAnd certainly Henry is\nan example of great talents.\n\n01:13:59.920 --\u003e 01:14:03.249\nI think [INAUDIBLE] is\nan example of great talent.\n\n01:14:03.249 --\u003e 01:14:07.347\nBut what Henry did in this country\nis really very remarkable because he\n\n01:14:07.347 --\u003e 01:14:12.499\nessentially became someone who was able to\nreject American values and American power.\n\n01:14:14.480 --\u003e 01:14:18.584\nAnd that, very few people who\ncome from one society to another,\n\n01:14:18.584 --\u003e 01:14:22.011\nespecially at the age in which he did,\nare able to do.\n\n01:14:22.011 --\u003e 01:14:24.228\nAnd I think that puts him in a very,\n\n01:14:24.228 --\u003e 01:14:28.986\nvery small class of people who are really\nremarkably gifted in language.\n\n01:14:28.986 --\u003e 01:14:31.030\nThey can take opportunity and\n\n01:14:31.030 --\u003e 01:14:37.590\nmake of it something that extends beyond\nthe normal dimensions of human endeavor.\n\n01:14:37.590 --\u003e 01:14:42.551\nFinally, I think Henry is a great\nexample of what it is that we try to do\n\n01:14:42.551 --\u003e 01:14:43.758\nat the Council.\n\n01:14:43.758 --\u003e 01:14:48.898\nI think among the founders of the Council,\nthe person who I wanna mention\n\n01:14:48.898 --\u003e 01:14:53.872\nis Eric Wahlberg because Eric\nrepresented a family that was German and\n\n01:14:53.872 --\u003e 01:14:56.501\nAmerican very early in the century.\n\n01:14:56.501 --\u003e 01:15:02.040\nMade a very big contribution on both\nsides of the Atlantic, came here.\n\n01:15:02.040 --\u003e 01:15:06.756\nHelped found this organization with\nJack McCloy, went back to Germany.\n\n01:15:06.756 --\u003e 01:15:09.410\nHis daughter, Marie,\nis with us this evening.\n\n01:15:09.410 --\u003e 01:15:14.740\nAnd I think Henry is the most\noutstanding sample of what we try to do.\n\n01:15:14.740 --\u003e 01:15:17.635\nSo we are honored to have\nthe opportunity to honor you and\n\n01:15:17.635 --\u003e 01:15:20.601\nin that spirit,\nI wanna wish you all a very good evening.\n\n01:15:20.601 --\u003e 01:15:30.601\nThank you.\n\u003e\u003e 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