{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/6h4cn6z70c/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Class lecture, Georgetown University, 1980 October 22"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/013/original/yale-blue.png?1678220072","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["mssa.ms.1981 (EAD ID)","MS 1981  (Call Number)","ms_1981_s07_b0998_0001.mp3 (Digital Object ID)","ms_1981_s07_b0998_0002.mp3 (Digital Object ID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["audiocassettes"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1980 October 22 (Creation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["https://preservica.library.yale.edu/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;05e67737-53a6-4ebc-b395-d5d1e735788c (Other Finding Aid Note)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (Primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["The materials are open for research.","Researchers must register and agree to the Yale University Library User Agreement for Special Collections before accessing audiovisual material in this collection."]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library."]}},{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/archival_objects/2076784"]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Class lecture, Georgetown University, 1980 October 22. Henry A. Kissinger Papers, Part II (MS 1981). Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library. https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/resources/5211."]}}],"summary":{"en":["https://preservica.library.yale.edu/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u002605e67737-53a6-4ebc-b395-d5d1e735788c"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["The materials are open for research.","Researchers must register and agree to the Yale University Library User Agreement for Special Collections before accessing audiovisual material in this collection."]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives Yale University Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Manuscripts and Archives Yale University Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/013/original/yale-blue.png?1678220072","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - open-uri20200312-3371-1gr0zwz.mpga"]},"duration":3539.67019,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-yalemssa.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/073/603/original/open-uri20200312-3371-1gr0zwz.mpga?1584007077","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":3539.67019,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["ms_1981_s07_b0998_0001_transcript.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\u003e\u003e I didn't know what Hyland's job was, it's to press these two buttons.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Get a cup of coffee.\n\u003e\u003e Better than [INAUDIBLE].\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e But not good enough, that's why-\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Why they had to get rid of him at the White House.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=8.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e I can only do 18 minutes.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e In the last session, I discussed the structural weaknesses of the settlement after World War I. The fact that it had two fundamental drawbacks. One that the balance of power structurally was actually more favorable to Germany after World War I than before World War I.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=30.0,79.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd that the iniquitous conditions that were imposed on Germany after World War I could only be maintained by a constant threat of French intervention. Which then secondly, was the second weakness, ran totally counter against the legitimizing principle of the settlement which was that there should be self determination, universal disarmament, and a system of collective security, as an alternative to the classical system of alliances.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=79.0,118.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nA system of collective security means that all nations, or implies that all nations have an equal interest in maintaining the peace. That therefore, a particular nation has no right to maintain the peace unless it can get a consensus among the other nations. And all of these factors made it next to impossible to maintain the settlement.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=118.0,146.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nFrance was acting in violation of the principles that were being announced, if it prevented German attempts to undo the Treaty of Versailles. And German attempts to undo the Treaty of Versailles were considered just by most people because that was fulfilling the principles of the settlement, as I pointed out last time.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=146.0,172.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe German position at disarmament conferences was, as indeed was stated in the Treaty of Versailles, that their disarmament was a first installment to universal disarmament. So they went to disarmament conferences asking all nations to go down to their level. This created two problems, this was before Hitler came to power.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=172.0,198.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThis created two problems, one, if the French did in fact go down to the German level ,the Germans would be the dominant nation in Europe because they were surrounded by weak countries and the French would no longer be able to police them. But if the French did not go down to the German level, the Germans could break the treaty of Versailles or would break the treaty of Versailles sooner or later and rearm.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=198.0,224.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd then the French would have had to fight a war with the them alone, now theoretically, the French could do that. But in fact, the first World War had such, thrown such a fear of God into the French and they had lost so many people in World War I that, They never even considered this.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=224.0,249.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIn my view, the only thing that prevented German domination of Europe was Hitler. And in my view, a normal German government, might have taken them 20 years to do it proceeding first to, if everything that Hitler had done had been done over 10 years rather than over 18 months, it would almost certainly have been accepted by the rest of Europe.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=249.0,278.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIndeed it would have not have needed a war to get it done. And I'm mentioning primarily to point out the, it wouldn't have, looking at first, the structure of international segment. And second, the principle in the name of which it is justified. Now, in the period prior to World War II, therefore the Germans first as soon as Hitler came into power rearmed, using as a pretext a failure of the disarmament conference of 1932.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=278.0,317.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nEach time Hitler gave assurances that he had no territorial aims in Europe. Then after they rearmed, two years after they rearmed, they reoccupied the Rhineland. Again, a perfectly rational position for Germany to station troops on its own territory. However, it removed the Rhineland as a French hostage and combined with the marginal line, it guaranteed that if Germany moved in Eastern Europe, the French would be able to do nothing.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=317.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd since Germany at that moment was surrounded by weak states in Eastern Europe, once France had foregone offensive operations into Germany, Germany had the physical ability to defeat each of these states individually and easily. So in 1938 Germany occupied Austria. In September 1938 came Munich, which was over the issue, again an issue that seemed perfectly reasonable in terms of the principles of the period and indeed of our period.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=360.0,397.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAt the end of World War II a state had been created out of Austria-Hungary Empire which comprised the provinces of Bohemia, Moravia, Slovakia, and at that time a little slip of territory called Ruthenia. In Bohemia, there was a population of, I think, something like 3 million Germans, wasn't it, 2 to 3 million Germans, Living at the border of Germany.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=397.0,432.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThey were incorporated in Czechoslovakia because they had always been part of the Austria-Hungarian Empire. They were not annexed from Germany, they have never been part of Germany, they had been part of the Austrian empire. However as the Austrian empire disintegrated they were now a minority in Czechoslovakia, as indeed the settlement of 1918 in the name of self-determination left more, as many people under foreign rule afterwards at it had before them.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=432.0,460.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI'm talking about Germans in Czechoslovakia, Hungarians in Romania, Poles in Czechoslovakia, Slovaks in Poland. It was just impossible to draw boundaries there according to national divisions. At any rate, once again when the Germans asked for the right of self-determination of the German In Czechoslovakia, they were not asking anything that seemed unreasonable, in terms of the principles of that period.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=460.0,494.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd while it's easy enough to make fun today of those who made the Munich Settlement, there are many contemporary situations that, maybe ten years from now, will look equally obvious. In which it appears unjust to resist the demands of seemingly aggressive countries. This led to a six months crisis, at the end of which, in effect, France, which had an alliance with Czechoslovakia and Britain which did not have an alliance, but had some kind of understanding with Britain.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=494.0,531.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWhich, Britain had an understanding with France, asked for the, Went to Munich and forced Czechoslovakia to relinquish the German territories to, To Germany. This, in effect, turned the remainder of Czechoslovakia into a satellite. And if the Nazis had stopped there and waited three or four years, they had Eastern Europe.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=531.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThere was absolutely no need for them to do any more. Because, the Prague government was one that they, in effect, approved. Having lost their defensive positions and having had demonstrated that they wouldn't be defended by anybody. The Czechs were in full process of turning themselves into a satellite of the Germans.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=570.0,589.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nVery similar to the East European satellites of the Soviet Union today. But Hitler, in fact, was determined on war. And so, six months after that he occupied the rest of Czechoslovakia, and then immediately stated demands on Poland. Now, one would have to say, if the Western leaders had been absolutely cold-blooded, they would have had to say to themselves.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=589.0,618.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWhen we abandoned Czechoslovakia, we abandoned the possibility of containing Germany in Eastern Europe. And, from the point of view of the balance of power, it was crazy to defend Poland when you hadn't defended Czechoslovakia. And it was even crazier to defend Poland from the defensive. On the other hand, it went against every principle of the Treaty of Versailles, that you simply could permit one country to another to be swallowed up.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=618.0,655.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIf they had been 18th century diplomats, they would probably have said, we'll let this thing get to a point where Russia and Germany confront each other again. And this is exactly what the Russians thought they were doing. When suddenly, Britain gave a guarantee to Poland. They gave a guarantee to Poland, even though the military strategy on which the war was based was the defensive.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=655.0,687.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nEvery statesmen having learned from World War I, that the defensive was stronger than the offensive. How they thought the war would end, with letting the Germans run loose in Eastern Europe. And why they thought that the Germans would just sit there and permit themselves to be starved out, no memoir has ever explained of the participants.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=687.0,713.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNo memoir that I've ever seen has explained how the Western nations thought the war would end once they had declared it, by what mechanism? Have you ever seen one? What Chamberlain and the French thought would be the course of the war? And, under what conditions it would be concluded?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=713.0,737.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI don't recall ever having seen a book which stated even the reason that I can disagree with. They just declared war out of frustration and out of outrage. Now, they were also engaged in negotiations with the Soviets. And when you deal with the Soviets, you're dealing with a phenomenon totally different from the post World War I statesman.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=737.0,767.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nStalin was a classical balance of power analyst. Stalin, like all Marxists, and certainly like all Bolsheviks, believed in the fundamental importance of objective factors. He believed that the structure of societies and the balance of forces determined their diplomacy. And he was not interested in punishing aggression in the abstract.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=767.0,798.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHe did not believe in a system of collective security as a theory. Even though in the 30s, the Russians and especially Litvinov, when the League of Nations became eloquent advocates of it, why? Because under a system of collective security, a country that does not have allies, can make a claim on other countries.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=798.0,823.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd get their support, if it can get their support. But in fact, as early as 1935, Stalin declared, a great deal depends on deferring the inevitable capitalist war, until the capitalists start fighting among themselves. In 1934, the year before he said that, he gave an interview in which he said in effect that he knew that Hitler had made very many threatening statements against this Bolshevik.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=823.0,864.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBut that he had no ideological hangups, in effect. That he was judging countries by their conduct and not by the statements of their leaders. And that therefore, he was quite prepared for, For the discussions, it was the Germans who refused to talk to him. In 1938, the Soviets pretended that they would come to the assistance of Czechoslovakia, but they never stated how they were gonna do it.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=864.0,904.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThey never undertook any discussions of how they were gonna cross Poland and Romania, which it would have required for them to get there. And they always said they would fight after Britain and France had declared war. My guess is, they would have tried to do in 1938, what they finally did in 1939.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=904.0,929.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd part of the problem was that there simply was no way a communist could understand what the rest of nations were up to. To the Soviets it had to look, Stalin demanded in the talks with the Western nations, that the Soviets have the right to establish military bases in the Baltic States.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=929.0,956.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd that they have the right to move an army into Poland, which was reason enough that they were gonna Defend Poland. On the other hand, it was impossible for the Western nations, given their values, to agree to the occupation or the beginning of the occupation of the Baltic countries.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=956.0,977.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd it was inconceivable to the Soviets to defend the Soviet Union without bases in the Baltic countries. I think everybody was right from their perspective. Clearly, if the Soviets had been committed to establish bases in the Baltic countries, they would have been excellent. Equally clearly, once they were in Poland they weren't gonna get out from the territories that they later annexed.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=977.0,1003.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd therefore the negotiations between the western countries and the Soviet Union were absolutely bound to fail. The only puzzling thing is that the western states genuinely believed that the ideological hostility between the Nazis and so the communists were so great that it would override rational balance of power consideration.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1003.0,1031.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd for that there was absolutely no evidence on the Soviet side, it might've been on the German side. But on the Soviet side, the whole history of the Soviet system made it clear, or should've made it clear, that the Hitler-Ribbentrop, that the Ribbentrop-Stalin pact was not a surprise.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1031.0,1054.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAt any rate, there was an agreement between Soviet Union and Germany, in which the Soviet Union cold-bloodedly asked for a third of Poland, the Baltic States, and a slice of Romania. Something that was absolutely inconceivable, this hadn't happened since the first half of the 19th century in Europe, And the Germans agreed to it.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1054.0,1091.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd after that, the relation between the Germans and the Russians was simply a question that the Soviets were hoping the Germans would exhaust themselves and that the Soviets, like everybody else, thought the French army was very good. And that there would be a long war of attrition at the end of which, what the Soviets would have done was unclear, unsure, in their own mind.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1091.0,1121.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWell what happened next, as you may or as you undoubtedly know, That there was a phony war, the Germans crushed Poland in a month. The French did absolutely nothing, nor did the British. And then for six months, there were no military actions of any significant kind. The Russians attacked Finland and occupied part of Finland.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1121.0,1157.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd at one moment, the Western Allies were mad enough to ask for the right to send troops to Finland. Asked Sweden for transit rides for troops to be sent to Finland, because they thought it was easier to attack Germany through Russia. And by a hair, they could've been at war with both Russia and Germany simultaneously.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1157.0,1188.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSo statesmanship was not absolute [INAUDIBLE] at that period. Then in May 1940, the Germans suddenly attacked in Belgium and France, and in Holland. And again, the weird thing was, if you sometimes look at historical periods you ask yourself, what were the statesmen of the period thinking about? First, what were the French thinking when they filled the marginal line?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1188.0,1221.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHow did they think they could maintain their position in Europe by building a defense, when the danger was that the Germans were going to attack in Eastern Europe? The second problem was if they thought the Germans were going to attack and they needed a defend, They never extended the marginal line to the coast.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1221.0,1249.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThey stopped the marginal line at the Belgium frontier. This assumed that they would have to go to a war of movement induction, which was the exact opposite of what their military doctrine was based on. Their military plan was that they would advance into Belgium as the Germans advanced through Belgium.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1249.0,1272.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIf they had followed their theory, they should have stayed behind their frontier, build defensive positions, and let the Germans run against the defensive position. But I don't want to go into a senseless kind of a military [INAUDIBLE]. Thirdly, the French thought the Germans would repeat exactly the war plan of World War I and that’s indeed what the Germans intended.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1272.0,1296.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nExcept that a German courier landed by mistake in France with a glance, Or in Belgium with a real plan. As always, with real intelligence it's not believed. They didn't believe it, but Hitler thought they'd believe it and he changed the attack. And the result was that all of the British army, much of the French army was trapped in Belgium.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1296.0,1328.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd France was defeated after a month of war. And now, Germany was predominant in western Europe but had no idea how to bring the war to a conclusion. It was the same problem it had in World War I. And now the Soviets were caught in a situation where they faced a predominant country.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1328.0,1369.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd then, the Soviets behaving like Bolsheviks, accelerated the. They sent Molotov to Berlin, in effect to divide up the world. They asked for slices of Iran. Turkey, and they were gonna give Germany a free hand in other parts of the world. But the problem was when they asked for so much, Hitler decided he better knock them off too while he was at it.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1369.0,1406.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAgain, the Germans, when you reflect on the nature of surprise, there are all kinds of surprises. There's the surprise we suffered at Pearl Harbor, where the French fleet, or where the Japanese fleet suddenly disappeared. And it just didn't occur to us that it might be heading for Hawaii.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1406.0,1427.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWe were looking for it every place except where it was. There's the nature of surprise like the Arabs achieved against Israel in 1973, where the opponent knows exactly everything you are doing and where you are doing it, and where there's no missing unit. The Israelis know where every Egyptian, Italian was and where every Syrian division was.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1427.0,1460.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThey just didn't believe that there could be a war. And therefore, until the day of the war in 1973, by accident, I had just become Secretary of State and I had never used the intelligence research unit of the state department. And one Sunday, the Sunday before the war broke up, argument and just look at the document of the Intelligence Research Unit, in order to acclaim myself with what capacities I had in the building, I had almost use the CIA.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1460.0,1495.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd there was one report that said, 2,000 times are on the Golan Heights. Normally, that sort of information doesn't go to the secretary of state because it's too tactical. I called up the Israeli ambassador. I said isn't there a lot of tanks on the Golan Heights.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1495.0,1514.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e He said, I'll check. They said, it's no worry. I said, please give me a report every 48 hours. Same thing our people, everybody reported every day. Every 48 hours that these were maneuvers there's nothing to worry about. On October 6th, when the war actually broke out, I was in New York.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1514.0,1533.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI asked my deputy generals have to assemble a group of experts to **** the warhead already be going on for an hour. Their assessment was that Israel had started the war. Now, those of you here of the Jewish faith know that Israel may do a lot of things but it's unlikely to start a war on the day of atonement with naval action which is what the argument was at the time.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1533.0,1567.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNow, my point is you cheat supplies by letting your opponent know everything you are doing. As long as he doesn't believe it. Bismarck did the same in 1862. When he became minister president of Prussia, he called in the Austrian ambassador and said, my policy will be to force you to move the center of gravity of Austria to Budapest which meant he was gonna kick them out of Germany.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1567.0,1600.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThis was duly reported, everybody said he's crazy, can't happen. And this was what happened in 73. In 41, something yet different happened. The Soviets knew exactly what the German build up was or more or less exactly after you can't move a million and a half men through eastern Europe and not have it known.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1600.0,1623.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nMoreover, they were warned by the British. In detail, they rejected the British warning and they prohibited a deployment of Soviet troops. The argument is made Stalin was stupid and was complacent. Not at all. Stalin did not want to give Hitler a pretext for attack. If Stalin thought that Hitler would give him an ultimatum.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1623.0,1654.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd indeed, three days before the war there was a long article in listing all the deployments of the Germans, in other words, to warn them that the Russians knew it and said we don't know what this is all about, we don't believe there's a war, but we are prepared to discuss anything.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1654.0,1673.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe soviets were perfectly willing To do anything, I believe, other than dismantle the Soviet system and if the Germans had stayed at specific demands, they would have achieved nine-tenths of them in 1941. But to Stalin's amazement, the Germans wanted to destroy them. They did not want specific demands which may have been from a purely practical point of view a mistake of Hitler.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1673.0,1702.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd therefore, when Molotov said to the German ambassador what have we done to deserve this when he gave them the declaration of war? They were stunned not by the fact that suddenly they were attacked without warning, but that they were attacked without having been given an opportunity to yield.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1702.0,1720.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIt wasn't the lack of warning that bothered them, they had plenty of warning. But, 60 million people cannot take on 400 million people indefinitely and through there and I don't want to go through the Various strategic decisions that were made. German ambitions have reached the point where everybody was mobilized against it that failed to defeat the Russians totally.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1720.0,1755.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nPartly because they did not mobilize fully and fought the war, those two years of the Soviet war without full mobilization. Partly because the enterprise was too vast and when you take on such a vast enterprise, something always any mistake Defeats you. But at any rate, the war became a political problem for everybody after Russia was in the war, and after it was clear that Germany was bound to be defeated.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1755.0,1795.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd this occurred at the latest of December 1941 with the United States. End of the war, or what's forced into the war or maneuvered itself into a position where it was forced into the war which is probably a correct thing, he said. By Japan, when Japan unexpectedly attacked Pearl Harbor.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1795.0,1822.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNow there again, we knew exactly, we had broken the Japanese code. And we knew the Japanese were going to make a surprise attack at 1 o'clock, Sunday noon. At 1 o'clock midday Sunday in Russia because we knew the declaration of war was going to be handed over to us at 1 o'clock on Sunday.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1822.0,1853.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNobody had the wit to ask himself where is it dawn or dusk? When it's 1 o'clock in Washington on Sunday, because they were unlikely to attack at 1 o'clock. And so despite the fact that we had forewarning, we did not even tell the commanders in Pearl Harbor because that was the one place which we thought they wouldn't attack.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1853.0,1885.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd, lost a good part of our fleet at Pearl Harbor, at any rate it got us into the war. And the question came back to the issues I've discussed previously which is, what kind of a world do you want to create while you're fighting the war? And I think it's probably correct to say that the American impact on has always been extremely unfortunate.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1885.0,1915.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBecause the United States, traditionally, has considered war and peace a successive faces of policy. If you fight the war, you fight it totally To the defeat of the enemy. When you have peace, it's is wrong. Since peace is considered the normal relation amongst those, it follows that the country that we believe started the war.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1915.0,1944.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIt's not only a physical threat, but a moral evil. Therefore American war aims are generally to destroy, or defeat, or to make impotent our enemy. And since the countries on our side are the victims of aggression, by definition They cannot cause a war. Therefore the idea on which the people in 1815 operate, that after you defeat your enemy your enemy becomes really less of a problem because it will be too weak to threaten you.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1944.0,1987.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd your ally could become a bigger problem because it will be strengthened by the relative weakness of your opponent. Never cross the mind of an American statesman, either after World War I or after or during the course of World War II. After World War I there was a Chief of Staff of the Army, General who said I had submitted this military budget to the congress to testify.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1987.0,2016.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThere was no political considerations whatsoever, purely on the basis of a military analysis. Until extraordinary coming. Similarly in World War II, the careful maneuvering of the Austrians in 1815 would not let the Russians advance without getting a Russian guarantee of political limits was considered anathema to the Americans, what was the big debate in World War II.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2016.0,2059.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nUnited States insisted an unconditional surrender of the Germans and Japanese. Unconditional surrender meant that they was found to be a vacuum in the center of Europe and in Asia. In Asia it wasn't so obvious because we occupied all of Japan. But in Europe it meant that all these combinations that I've got for previous periods, suddenly disappeared, there was no longer Germany, there was no longer an Italy.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2059.0,2092.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThere was occupied territory, this meant mathematically, That a counter weight to Russia, not to speak of the Soviet Union, had disappeared. And it meant with physical certainty, like a law of nature. That Russia would penetrate until it met some organized resistance. There was no other way the war could end under those circumstances.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2092.0,2128.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nUnless we declared, as indeed we had to, some boundary line beyond which they could not go and we were driven to it. Now the. Obsession with a military end to the war, you can read in every memoir of the war. General Bradley prides himself on the fact that his memoir that he did not let the British lure him into the Balkans.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2128.0,2167.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nChurchill was ridiculed because he wanted to put military forces into the Balkans rather than into Italy. During the war, at Teheran where they were making plans. There were two things that the Soviets wanted very badly. One was an invasion of France. Why of France? Because that was about as far from the center of Europe as they could get the Americans.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2167.0,2194.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSecondly, after the victory in Italy, they wanted the American army to go not into Trieste and Yugoslavia, which was where the British were. But into southern France, where they were not needed and where they were again away from anything that the Soviets could possibly be interested in. Ralph Ingersoll who was a Famous reporter at the time, when reporters still were famous people.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2194.0,2227.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWrote a book called top secret about the history of the war. He said, what was back of the Britain's passionate preoccupation over the Balkan route into Germany, I leave for later conclusion. For the present it is sufficient to say that by the end of 1943 this preoccupation with his staff was beyond dispute.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2227.0,2252.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe Balkan route was a positive magnet towards which however you trickled it, the needle of British strategy swung. What it lacked in military sense, it made up in political opportunity, as if this were a crime. And we did not, of course, follow the Balkan strategy. We first got ourselves backed down on in Italy, and after we had one in southern Italy, we put the army that had one in southern Italy into southern France.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2252.0,2287.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWhere it was out of harm's way as far as the Soviets were concerned. Another aspect was that since by definition the people on our side are good and the people we oppose are evil. And since it is very difficult for Americans to maintain proposition of having both competition and cooperation, and both alliance and precaution against and ally.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2287.0,2323.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWe've began to redefine the Soviet's story in the war to fit the preconceptions of the alliance. And this was across the spectrum. For example, in 1943 the Russians abolished the Common Turn. The Common Turn was an organization for world revolution that they had established in the '20s. Senator Connelly from Texas, who was not known for his pro-communist sympathies commented as follows.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2323.0,2361.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nRussia has been steadily approaching the abandonment of communism. And the whole world should be gratified of the happy outcome. That London Times commented, this is the most important event of the war. It has laid to rest all of the charges that my defeat might, that their actions maybe interested in the communization of any part of Europe after the war.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2361.0,2390.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd it shows that the communists are as dedicated to peace as any of the other countries with which they are aligned. Fortune Magazine, which is also not exactly known for their distances published and editorial in which they said the following. Russia will prefer the peace of Europe to communist.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2390.0,2416.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nTrotsky is dead and Russia will be too weak for aggression in Europe, even for ideological aggression after the war and I could go on and on and on. [COUGH] [INAUDIBLE] you do not have to look. If you go to Georgetown library and look for quotes in 1943 to make this point, you will find that you cannot find any other quote.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2416.0,2451.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThis was the common view and you will find there too. One of the staples of American relations with the soviets it switches. First, communism is in the process of changing. I've already mentioned that. We don't hear that openly. Now, we heard it in the 70s. We heard it in the 60s.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2451.0,2489.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWe heard it in the 50s. We heard it in the 40s. Secondly, whoever is in office in Russia is a good guy or means well, his predecessors are bastards. And on top of it, there are evil forces in the Kremlin that threaten the peace loving guy. Nobody has ever identified these peace loving forces.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2489.0,2520.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNo one has ever been able to give a name to them or to find them, but you find it In the 40s. You find in the 50s, 60s and 70s. For example, today, everybody says, Stalin was a maniac. But that is not what people said in the 40s.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2520.0,2540.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHarry Hopkins came back from the older comfort and he said, we can rely on the word of Stalin. Be sincerely dedicated to peace, but we cannot be sure what similar sinister forces behind him in the laference of the Kremlin. And therefore, our part that yield that was to strengthen the peace loving side of Stalin against the sinister forces of the Kremlin who might be interested in fomenting tensions and just for competitive If.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2540.0,2595.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIf I can find it. In the 50s, in 1955. In 1955 when Eisenhower met Khrushchev. It said. Who said it, the New York Times wrote an editorial. It is an intense sense of relief which unites President Eisenhower with President who has long since perished. Neither ever conceived that his own country would launch a war, but each giant was quite convinced that the other one was capable of doing so.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2595.0,2672.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe Cold War was suddenly called off at Geneva, because both sides recognized the thesis versions were entirely unfounded. The point I'm trying to make is that this. Conviction that there's a change in the Soviet system. It's imminent. It has been one of the themes of American postwar and it results from the fact that for Americans, peace is the normal condition of United States.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2672.0,2723.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd therefore, there has to be some aberration and people return to normalcy very quickly. Well, the result of unconditional surrender was to bring the communist in the Central Europe. And as I've said repeatedly, the communists do not believe in personal goodwill. I'm not saying this as a particular criticism, they're attitude towards Westerners is the same attitude of psychiatrists towards their patients.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2723.0,2752.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThey think they understand us better than we understand ourselves. Therefore, professions of personal goodwill Consider, are considered by them either a trick or a naivety. I'm not saying, one, therefore, should have attitudes of personal ill will, but they understand best is very factual statements in which you define what you want and ask them to do what they want and do not rely on personal relationships at any rate.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2752.0,2787.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe result of the emphasis our military considerations and of the refusal to face the fact that there was a balance of power problem lead to the view that there was a permanent threat to the peace in this world. That permanent threat to the peace was terminated in Japan and there were permanent policeman in the world and these were the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2787.0,2822.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAll the British efforts to try to return to some classical pattern and to establish some sort of a balance of power. We'll indignantly reject it. We went to the extreme at Tehran, you will find in Hopkins. Roosevelt went out of his way to call on Stalin first, because the American perception was first, a huge overestimation of British power.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2822.0,2858.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSecondly, the conviction that we had to keep those wicked British from playing power politics. And third, to put ourselves between the Soviet Union and Britain. The secret dream of Americans at the end of World War II was that we could play the role that Nehru later arrogated to himself as the moral arbiter of world affairs.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2858.0,2882.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNot as ourselves being one of the balancing. So there was the notion that the balance of power was inherently [INAUDIBLE]. There was the notion that allied unity had to be preserved at all costs. And therefore, we refused to discuss during the war. Any of the terms of the end of the war.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2882.0,2919.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWhich meant that the final political lines were very likely to correspond to the final military lines. Therefore, we thought nothing of permitting the Soviets to occupy all the major capitals, Prague, Berlin, Vienna, Because we thought it was more important to have unity. In fact, we ceded to reoccupy Saxony and Thuringia in Germany which is the key industrial area of what is today Eastern Germany.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2919.0,2962.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWe gave that to the Russians in June 1945. We occupied it. We turned it over to them for the sake of agreements that had been made during the war. So we ended the war without any agreement whatsoever on political terms. And if you compare it with 1815, where most of the terms had already been agreed to, Before the war was ended and where, and enormous emphasis was placed on constructing a European settlement that involved the balance of power We emerged at the end of World War II with no settlement and with no balance of power.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2962.0,3014.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd with the Soviet Army sitting in the center of Europe, and nothing in Europe with which to oppose them. And we very soon found that none of these premises were accepted by the Soviet Union. They did not accept the premise that there were only three peace-loving powers in the world.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3014.0,3045.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThey did not accept the premise that collective security would be enforced by the three allied powers. They did not accept the possibility that good faith would provide the unifying bond. On the contrary, in 1946, Stalin made a speech, And also told Harold Stassen in an interview, which he said, classic Leninist doctrine, he said wars are not caused by individuals, but by economic systems.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3045.0,3095.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe last war was essentially caused by the capitalist system, and by capitalists fighting among each other. And he frankly couldn't see any difference between the German system, and the British system, and the American system. Well, if this is true, if this was true, then war was gonna happen again, and this war was gonna happen again.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3095.0,3128.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThen it was important for the Soviet Union to be in the most secure position it could be. And if this was true, it didn't make any difference, that it forfeited American goodwill, which was ephemeral anyway, by sitting in the center of Europe. And therefore, it would have been crazy to permit capitalist governments in eastern Europe, which were by definition, hostile to the Soviet Union.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3128.0,3155.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIt was inevitable that you had to put in communist governments that you controlled. [COUGH] And, So, what we saw as the possible system inevitably development. The Soviet Union enforced communist governments in Eastern Europe. They created a security belt in eastern Europe. And one has to hand it to Stalin.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3155.0,3195.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHere he was at the end of a war, in which the Soviets had lost a minimum of 20 million dead. A third of western Russia devastated, convinced that the United States was inherently an embargoed land enemy, that the end of this war, it emerges with the United States possessing the atomic bomb.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3195.0,3216.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd yet, we are pleaded from the assumption, that he was gonna sit in the center of Europe. Secondly, that if we showed any weakness, he was lost. And therefore, if you read the literature of that period, you will see that most people thought there was a terrible danger that the Russians would march to the Channel Coast.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3216.0,3243.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd you had the same situation as at the time of the Maginot Line. At the time of the Maginot Line, the French were militarily pre-eminent but never dared to use their power against the Germans. In 1945, we were militarily pre-eminent in a way that is unimaginable today, dream-like we had an atomic monopoly.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3243.0,3269.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWe had a mobilization potential. If we had declared war on Russia without using atomic weapons and simply mobilized when Russia was totally devastated, they would have had to yield. And yet they managed to start a ban the bomb campaign all over the world that stigmatize nuclear weapons. And they managed to create the impression that they might launch themselves any moment into Western Europe towards Calais.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3269.0,3303.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThey blockaded Berlin. It occurred to nobody to say, we'll send a division down the Autobahn. They would never dare to fight. And, There was only, as usual, Churchill was the man who understood the problem. In 1946, he made a speech for which he has never received sufficient credit in which he set the bar.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3303.0,3332.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe question is asked, what will happen when they get the atomic bomb and have accumulated a large store? You can judge for yourselves, what will happen then by what is happening now? If these things are done in the green wood, what will be done in the dry? If they can continue month after month, disturbing and tormenting the world, trusting to our Christian and altruistic inhibitions against using this strange new power, what will they do when they themselves have large quantities Of parts.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3332.0,3366.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNo one in his senses can believe that we have a limitless period of time before us. We ought to bring matters to a head and make a final settlement. We ought not to be jogging along in provident, incompetent, waiting for something to turn up, by which I mean waiting for something bad to turn up.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3366.0,3386.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe rest of nations will be far more likely to reach a lasting settlement without blood shed if they formulate their just demands. While they have the atomic power and before the Russian communists have got it, too. Classical doctrine of traditional statesmen ridiculed at the time. And we developed a totally different theory.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3386.0,3413.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWhen General Marshall was Secretary of State, he said I would never recommend risking American lives for political objectives. I don't know what he would risk lives, For that.\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e We developed the containment policy. The containment policy was not based on the premise of Churchill that we were uniquely strong.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3413.0,3443.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nContainment policy was based on the promise that we were uniquely weak because we had demobilized. They treated the atomic bomb as non existent and said, we have to develop weapons, power. Dean Actress said what we must do is to create positions of strength. And if we create that strength, there will come about a difference in the negotiating position of the parties.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3443.0,3476.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd out of that, there should come a willingness on the side of the Kremlin to recognize the facts. The containment policy was ideal for the Kremlin of that period. It meant that we would not pursue the Churchill policy of trying to bring matters to a head and settle it.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3476.0,3498.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8543/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIt meant that we would wait until we were stronger. It was a time wasting policy. It did not explain how the position of strength was going to be conveyed to the other side. So closing the Soviets did not negotiate when we were strong. And simply decided to turn our flank and erode it, erode our strength.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3498.0,3539.67019"}]},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["ms_1981_s07_b0998_0001_caption.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't know what Hyland's job was,\nit's to press these two buttons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=8.963,12.368"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e Get a cup of coffee.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=12.368,15.946"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Better than [INAUDIBLE].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=15.946,19.002"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=19.002,24.003"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not good enough, that's why-\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=24.003,28.276"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Why they had to get rid of him at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=28.276,29.382"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the White House.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=29.382,30.053"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e I can only do 18 minutes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=30.053,34.562"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=34.562,35.974"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e In the last session, I discussed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=48.727,52.216"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the structural weaknesses of\nthe settlement after World War I.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=52.216,58.98"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The fact that it had two","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=58.98,63.838"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fundamental 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II,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=300.56,306.05"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"therefore the Germans first as soon\nas Hitler came into power rearmed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=306.05,312.86"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"using as a pretext a failure of\nthe disarmament conference of 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Slovakia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=403.556,408.912"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and at that time a little slip\nof territory called Ruthenia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=408.912,413.805"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In Bohemia, there was a population of,\nI think, something like 3 million 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Poland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=465.389,472.68"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was just impossible to draw boundaries\nthere according to national divisions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=472.68,479.876"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At any rate,\nonce again when the Germans asked 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anybody.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=580.83,583.64"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Czechs were in full process of\nturning themselves into a satellite","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=584.64,588.394"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the 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today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=594.309,599.549"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But Hitler, in fact,\nwas determined on war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=599.549,602.18"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, six months after that he\noccupied the rest of Czechoslovakia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=602.18,607.177"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then immediately\nstated demands on Poland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=607.177,610.604"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, one would have to say, if the Western\nleaders had been absolutely 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power,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=629.94,633.113"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was crazy to defend Poland when\nyou hadn't defended Czechoslovakia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=633.113,637.599"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it was even crazier to defend\nPoland from the 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defensive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=680.181,685.93"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Every statesmen having\nlearned from World War I,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=687.1,689.74"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the defensive was\nstronger than the 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participants.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=706.57,713.94"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No memoir that I've ever seen has\nexplained how the Western nations thought","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=713.94,718.7"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the war would end once they had\ndeclared it, by what 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war?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=726.33,731.3"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, under what conditions\nit would be concluded?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=732.63,737.855"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't recall ever having\nseen a book which stated 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outrage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=745.655,750.9"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, they were also engaged in\nnegotiations with the Soviets.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=753.68,756.74"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when you deal with the Soviets,\nyou're dealing with a phenomenon","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=759.47,762.26"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"totally different from the post\nWorld War I statesman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=762.26,766.08"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stalin was a classical\nbalance of power 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diplomacy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=785.28,789.57"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he was not interested in\npunishing aggression in the abstract.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=791.5,796.84"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He did not believe in a system of\ncollective security as a 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countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=816.47,821.089"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And get their support,\nif it can get their support.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=823.02,825.4"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in fact, as early as 1935,\nStalin declared,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=827.74,833.61"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a great deal depends on deferring\nthe inevitable capitalist war,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=833.61,838.37"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until the capitalists start\nfighting among themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=839.74,844.323"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1934, the year before he said that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=846.65,851.09"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he gave an interview in which\nhe said in effect that he 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discussions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=887.005,889.76"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was the Germans who\nrefused to talk to him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=889.76,895.27"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1938, the Soviets pretended that\nthey would come to the assistance of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=895.27,899.988"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Czechoslovakia, but they never\nstated how they were gonna do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=899.988,904.064"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They never undertook any discussions\nof how they were gonna cross Poland and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=904.064,908.683"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Romania, which it would have required for\nthem to get there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=908.683,913.315"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they always said they would fight\nafter Britain and France had declared 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talks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=943.16,947.864"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the Western nations,\nthat the Soviets have the right to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=947.864,952.76"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"establish military bases\nin the Baltic States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=952.76,956.709"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that they have the right\nto move an army into Poland,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=956.709,960.409"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was reason enough that\nthey were gonna Defend 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or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=970.748,972.419"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the beginning of the occupation\nof the Baltic countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=972.419,975.85"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it was inconceivable to the Soviets to\ndefend the Soviet Union without bases in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=977.0,981.21"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Baltic countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=981.21,982.439"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think everybody was right\nfrom their 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excellent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=992.006,994.253"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Equally clearly, once they were in\nPoland they weren't gonna get out from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=995.824,999.649"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the territories that they later annexed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=999.649,1001.846"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore the negotiations\nbetween the western countries and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1003.505,1007.285"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviet Union were\nabsolutely bound to 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it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1082.922,1090.168"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And after that, the relation between\nthe Germans and the Russians was simply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1091.698,1096.259"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a question that the Soviets were hoping\nthe Germans would exhaust themselves and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1096.259,1101.034"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the Soviets, like everybody else,\nthought the French army was very good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1101.034,1105.829"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that there would be a long war\nof attrition at the end of 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Finland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1163.92,1167.32"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asked Sweden for transit rides for\ntroops to be sent to Finland,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1167.32,1171.53"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they thought it was easier\nto attack Germany through Russia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1171.53,1174.85"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And by a hair, they could've\nbeen at war with both Russia and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1176.41,1182.361"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germany simultaneously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1182.361,1185.054"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So statesmanship was not absolute\n[INAUDIBLE] at that period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1188.378,1194.824"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then in May 1940, the Germans suddenly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1194.824,1199.845"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"attacked in Belgium and\nFrance, and in Holland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1199.845,1205.549"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, the weird thing was, if you\nsometimes look at historical periods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1208.945,1212.783"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you ask yourself, what were the statesmen\nof the period thinking about?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1212.783,1216.7"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First, what were the French thinking\nwhen they filled the marginal line?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1216.7,1221.89"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How did they think they could maintain\ntheir position in Europe by building","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1221.89,1226.048"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a defense,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1226.048,1226.708"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when the danger was that the Germans\nwere going to attack in Eastern Europe?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1226.708,1230.94"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The second problem was if they thought\nthe Germans were going to attack 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or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1415.05,1420.22"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the Japanese fleet\nsuddenly disappeared.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1420.22,1422.24"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it just didn't occur to us that\nit might be heading for 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1973,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1465.34,1469.096"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by accident,\nI had just become Secretary of State and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1469.096,1472.853"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had never used the intelligence\nresearch unit of the state 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to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1484.214,1489.463"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"acclaim myself with what capacities I had\nin the building, I had almost use the CIA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1489.463,1495.595"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there was one report that said,\n2,000 times are on the Golan Heights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1495.595,1499.404"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Normally, that sort of information doesn't\ngo to the secretary of state because it's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1500.43,1504.189"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too tactical.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1504.189,1504.861"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I called up the Israeli ambassador.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1506.465,1508.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I said isn't there a lot of\ntanks on the Golan Heights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1508.0,1510.153"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e He said, I'll check.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1510.153,1515.32"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They said, it's no worry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1515.32,1517.69"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I said,\nplease give me a report every 48 hours.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1517.69,1519.6"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Same thing our people,\neverybody reported every day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1521.14,1525.01"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Every 48 hours that these were maneuvers\nthere's nothing to worry about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1525.01,1530.244"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On October 6th, when the war actually\nbroke out, I was in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1530.244,1533.846"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I asked my deputy generals have\nto assemble a group of experts to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1533.846,1538.493"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"**** the warhead already be going on for\nan hour.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1538.493,1542.187"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Their assessment was that\nIsrael had started the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1544.552,1548.793"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, those of you here of the Jewish\nfaith know that Israel may","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1551.154,1556.229"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do a lot of things but it's unlikely\nto start a war on the day of atonement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1556.229,1562.085"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with naval action which is what\nthe argument was at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1562.085,1567.086"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, my point is you cheat\nsupplies by letting your","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1567.086,1570.986"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"opponent know everything you are doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1570.986,1574.169"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As long as he doesn't believe it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1575.86,1577.003"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bismarck did the same in 1862.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1579.282,1582.519"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When he became minister\npresident of Prussia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1582.519,1586.13"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he called in the Austrian ambassador and\nsaid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1586.13,1589.741"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my policy will be to force you to\nmove the center of gravity of Austria","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1589.741,1594.884"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Budapest which meant he was\ngonna kick them out of 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73.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1605.273,1608.511"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 41, something yet different happened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1608.511,1611.29"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Soviets knew exactly what\nthe German build up was or more or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1612.35,1616.026"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"less exactly after you\ncan't move a million and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1616.026,1618.854"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a half men through eastern Europe and\nnot have it 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and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1626.818,1632.269"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they prohibited a deployment\nof Soviet troops.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1632.269,1637.605"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The argument is made Stalin was stupid and\nwas complacent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1638.675,1643.205"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1643.205,1644.655"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stalin did not want to give\nHitler a pretext for attack.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1644.655,1647.395"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If Stalin thought that Hitler\nwould give him an ultimatum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1648.56,1652.715"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And indeed, three days before\nthe war there was a long article in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1654.973,1658.738"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"listing all the deployments of\nthe Germans, in other words,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1658.738,1661.947"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to warn them that the Russians knew it and\nsaid we don't know what this is all about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1661.947,1666.267"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we don't believe there's a war, but\nwe are prepared to discuss anything.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1666.267,1670.247"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The soviets were perfectly\nwilling To do anything,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1673.015,1678.458"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe,\nother than dismantle the Soviet system and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1678.458,1682.482"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the Germans had stayed\nat specific demands,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1682.482,1685.982"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they would have achieved\nnine-tenths of them in 1941.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1685.982,1690.457"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But to Stalin's amazement,\nthe Germans wanted to destroy 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Hitler.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1698.26,1701.67"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore,\nwhen Molotov said to the German ambassador","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1702.95,1706.47"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what have we done to deserve this when\nhe gave them the declaration of war?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1706.47,1710.28"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were stunned not by the fact that\nsuddenly they were attacked without","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1710.28,1714.153"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"warning, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1714.153,1714.902"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they were attacked without having\nbeen given an opportunity to yield.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1714.902,1718.905"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It wasn't the lack of warning that\nbothered them, they had plenty of warning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1720.597,1724.881"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, 60 million people cannot take on\n400 million people indefinitely and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1727.309,1733.041"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through there and\nI don't want to go through the 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war,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1755.325,1760.878"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those two years of the Soviet\nwar without full mobilization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1760.878,1767.27"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Partly because the enterprise was too\nvast and when you take on such a 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Harbor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1816.712,1822.77"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now there again, we knew exactly,\nwe had broken the Japanese code.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1822.77,1827.44"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we knew the Japanese were\ngoing to make a 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knew","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1837.087,1842.154"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the declaration of war was going to be\nhanded over to us at 1 o'clock on Sunday.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1842.154,1849.706"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nobody had the wit to ask himself\nwhere is it dawn or 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o'clock.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1864.265,1867.643"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so\ndespite the fact that we had forewarning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1872.696,1875.692"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we did not even tell the commanders in\nPearl Harbor because that was the 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is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1893.02,1898.234"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what kind of a world do you want to\ncreate while you're fighting the war?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1898.234,1903.062"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think it's probably\ncorrect to say that the 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enemy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1922.558,1927.76"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When you have peace, it's is wrong.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1929.32,1934.368"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Since peace is considered\nthe normal relation amongst those,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1934.368,1939.527"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it follows that the country that\nwe believe started the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1939.527,1944.499"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not only a physical threat,\nbut a moral 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enemy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1954.524,1957.986"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And since the countries on our side\nare the victims of aggression,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1957.986,1964.398"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by definition They cannot cause a 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really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1977.89,1982.46"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"less of a problem because it will\nbe too weak to threaten you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=1982.46,1987.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And your ally could become\na bigger problem 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people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2224.01,2227.31"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wrote a book called top secret\nabout the history of the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2227.31,2231.88"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He said,\nwhat was back of the Britain's 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it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2252.138,2257.04"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the needle of British strategy swung.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2257.04,2260.12"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What it lacked in military 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evil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2300.01,2305.71"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And since it is very difficult for\nAmericans to maintain proposition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2307.53,2313.12"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of having both competition and\ncooperation, and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2313.12,2318.36"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both alliance and\nprecaution against and ally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2318.36,2323.83"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We've began to redefine\nthe Soviet's story in the war","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2323.83,2326.68"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to fit the preconceptions of the alliance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2328.44,2332.13"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this was across the spectrum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2333.87,2338.33"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, in 1943 the Russians\nabolished the Common Turn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2338.33,2346.07"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Common Turn was an organization for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2346.07,2347.96"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"world revolution that they\nhad established in the '20s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2347.96,2351.734"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Senator Connelly from Texas,\nwho was not known for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2352.95,2355.82"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his pro-communist sympathies\ncommented as follows.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2355.82,2359.83"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Russia has been steadily approaching\nthe abandonment of communism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2361.11,2364.81"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the whole world should be\ngratified of the happy outcome.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2366.39,2371.317"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That London Times commented, this is\nthe most important event of the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2373.937,2380.95"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It has laid to rest all of the charges\nthat my defeat might, that their actions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2380.95,2385.67"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe interested in the communization\nof any part of Europe after the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2385.67,2389.35"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it shows that the communists\nare as dedicated to peace","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2390.84,2394.36"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as any of the other countries\nwith which they are aligned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2395.81,2399.45"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fortune Magazine,\nwhich is also not exactly known for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2400.83,2405.1"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their distances published and editorial\nin which they said the following.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2405.1,2411.24"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Russia will prefer the peace\nof Europe to communist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2411.24,2416.753"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Trotsky is dead and Russia will be\ntoo weak for aggression in Europe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2416.753,2423.308"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even for ideological aggression after\nthe war and I could go on and on and on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2423.308,2430.555"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[COUGH] [INAUDIBLE] you\ndo not have to look.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2435.995,2442.385"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you go to Georgetown library and look\nfor quotes in 1943 to make this point,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2442.385,2448.292"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you will find that you\ncannot find any other quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2448.292,2451.985"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was the common view and\nyou will find there too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2451.985,2459.217"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of the staples of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2459.217,2463.715"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"American relations with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2463.715,2469.272"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the soviets it switches.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2469.272,2475.099"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First, communism is in\nthe process of changing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2477.553,2482.033"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've already mentioned that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2482.033,2484.731"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We don't hear that openly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2484.731,2485.713"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, we heard it in the 70s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2485.713,2488.283"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We heard it in the 60s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2488.283,2489.339"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We heard it in the 50s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2489.339,2490.107"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We heard it in the 40s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2490.107,2493.051"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Secondly, whoever is in office\nin Russia is a good guy or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2493.051,2499.653"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"means well, his predecessors are bastards.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2499.653,2505.137"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And on top of it,\nthere are evil forces in the Kremlin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2505.137,2509.547"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that threaten the peace loving guy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2509.547,2512.665"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nobody has ever identified\nthese peace loving forces.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2514.305,2520.17"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No one has ever been able to give\na name to them or to find them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2520.17,2525.015"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but you find it In the 40s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2525.015,2527.306"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You find in the 50s, 60s and 70s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2527.306,2531.636"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, today, everybody says,\nStalin was a maniac.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2531.636,2535.519"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that is not what\npeople said in the 40s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2537.887,2540.48"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Harry Hopkins came back\nfrom the older comfort and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2540.48,2546.066"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he said,\nwe can rely on the word of Stalin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2546.066,2550.857"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Be sincerely dedicated to peace,\nbut we cannot be sure what","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2550.857,2555.992"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"similar sinister forces behind him\nin the laference of the Kremlin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2555.992,2561.961"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore,\nour part that yield that was to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2561.961,2567.149"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"strengthen the peace loving\nside of Stalin against","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2567.149,2572.869"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the sinister forces of\nthe Kremlin who might be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2572.869,2578.056"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interested in fomenting tensions and\njust for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2578.056,2583.245"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"competitive If.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2583.245,2592.435"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If I can find it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2595.326,2596.297"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the 50s, in 1955.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2604.499,2607.315"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1955 when Eisenhower met Khrushchev.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2637.001,2641.406"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It said.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2645.118,2645.929"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Who said it,\nthe New York Times wrote an editorial.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2649.161,2653.449"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is an intense sense of relief\nwhich unites President Eisenhower","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2653.449,2659.075"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with President who has\nlong since perished.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2659.075,2663.603"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Neither ever conceived that his own\ncountry would launch a war, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2663.603,2667.637"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"each giant was quite convinced that\nthe other one was capable of doing so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2667.637,2672.051"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Cold War was suddenly\ncalled off at Geneva,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2672.051,2675.681"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because both sides recognized the thesis\nversions were entirely unfounded.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2675.681,2681.694"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The point I'm trying to make is that this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2684.926,2693.577"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Conviction that there's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2696.595,2701.507"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a change in the Soviet system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2701.507,2707.315"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's imminent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2709.715,2711.439"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It has been one of the themes\nof American postwar and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2711.439,2715.964"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it results from the fact that for\nAmericans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2715.964,2719.403"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"peace is the normal\ncondition of United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2719.403,2723.134"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore,\nthere has to be some aberration and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2723.134,2726.279"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people return to normalcy very quickly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2726.279,2728.851"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the result of unconditional\nsurrender was to bring the communist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2728.851,2733.365"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Central Europe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2733.365,2734.85"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as I've said repeatedly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2736.12,2737.22"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the communists do not\nbelieve in personal goodwill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2737.22,2739.85"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not saying this as a particular\ncriticism, they're attitude towards","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2741.27,2745.43"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Westerners is the same attitude of\npsychiatrists towards their patients.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2745.43,2751.6"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They think they understand us better\nthan we understand ourselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2752.9,2755.88"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Therefore, professions of\npersonal goodwill Consider,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2757.57,2761.99"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are considered by them either a trick or\na naivety.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2761.99,2765.58"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not saying, one, therefore, should\nhave attitudes of personal ill will,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2767.21,2771.19"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they understand best\nis very factual statements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2773.21,2776.51"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which you define what you want and\nask them to do what they want and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2777.58,2782.44"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do not rely on personal\nrelationships at any rate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2782.44,2785.99"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The result of the emphasis our\nmilitary considerations and of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2787.68,2792.99"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the refusal to face the fact that there\nwas a balance of power problem lead to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2792.99,2798.77"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the view that there was a permanent\nthreat to the peace in this world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2798.77,2804.39"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That permanent threat to the peace\nwas terminated in Japan and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2805.77,2811.843"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were permanent\npoliceman in the world and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2811.843,2816.515"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these were the United States,\nBritain and the Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2816.515,2822.617"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All the British efforts to try to\nreturn to some classical pattern and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2822.617,2828.287"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to establish some sort\nof a balance of power.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2828.287,2832.014"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'll indignantly reject it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2832.014,2840.601"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We went to the extreme at Tehran,\nyou will find in Hopkins.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2840.601,2845.57"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Roosevelt went out of his\nway to call on Stalin first,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2848.31,2852.55"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the American perception was first,\na huge overestimation of British power.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2853.64,2858.85"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Secondly, the conviction that we had\nto keep those wicked British from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2858.85,2863.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"playing power politics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2863.0,2864.2"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And third, to put ourselves between\nthe Soviet Union and Britain.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2865.38,2870.36"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The secret dream of Americans\nat the end of World War II","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2871.36,2874.95"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that we could play the role that\nNehru later arrogated to himself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2874.95,2878.68"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the moral arbiter of world affairs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2879.98,2882.328"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not as ourselves being\none of the balancing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2882.328,2888.94"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there was the notion that the balance\nof power was inherently [INAUDIBLE].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2895.849,2903.36"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was the notion that allied unity\nhad to be preserved at all costs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2903.36,2906.865"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore,\nwe refused to discuss during the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2909.075,2914.139"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Any of the terms of the end of the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2915.45,2917.88"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which meant that the final\npolitical lines were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2919.14,2922.3"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very likely to correspond to\nthe final military lines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2922.3,2924.67"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Therefore, we thought\nnothing of permitting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2927.93,2932.326"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviets to occupy all\nthe major capitals, Prague,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2932.326,2937.622"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Berlin, Vienna,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=2937.622,2942.71"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because we thought it was\nmore important to have 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So,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3167.473,3172.185"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what we saw as the possible\nsystem inevitably development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3172.185,3177.22"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Soviet Union enforced communist\ngovernments in Eastern 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strength","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3506.42,3512.333"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was going to be conveyed\nto the other side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3512.333,3517.798"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So closing the Soviets did not\nnegotiate when we were strong.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3517.798,3521.019"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And simply decided to turn our flank and\nerode it, erode our strength.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603#t=3522.74,3529.041"}]},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73603/transcript/8544/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/544/original/transcript_index_158402147920200312-3371-bfdb6h?1584007079","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/544/original/transcript_index_158402147920200312-3371-bfdb6h?1584007079"}]}]},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - open-uri20200312-3371-1uycv9k.mpga"]},"duration":1282.56,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-yalemssa.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/073/604/original/open-uri20200312-3371-1uycv9k.mpga?1584007089","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1282.56,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["ms_1981_s07_b0998_0002_transcript.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\u003e\u003e If the free world's internal arrangements were more important than the existing balance of power, and there were constant references for the fact we were not modernly yet in a position to insist on a settlement. And so, we have the situation of the possible period, in which we did very well on the economic matters.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=3.0,28.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnything that fitted either our experience with the new deal, mainly economic recovery. All our experience with the Nazis, namely pure military aggression, we handled well. But anything that required complicated geopolitical conceptions was essentially time wasted. And we have, I'm sure future historians will find merely unexplicable. Never has a country had the superiority we did at the end of World War II.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=28.0,64.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNever has there been such a total victory. Never has there been such an economic superiority. And never has it been lost. In such a brief period of time, without a struggle and without any attempt to remedy it. Two countries that had no capabilities. The Soviet Union started with nothing in 1945.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=64.0,93.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd the OPEC countries have no military strength. And yet, we've permitted the balance of power, military power, to be overturned by one, and ourselves to be impoverished by the other. On the way to impoverishment by the other, for the reasons, that I've tried to explain to you, the structural difficulty to think, in structural terms, about international politics.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=93.0,126.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNow, we'll pick this up next time, with a more detailed discussion of Soviet-American relations. Now I'll take a few questions.\n\u003e\u003e Question, would you advocate the military power to resist the OPEC nations bargaining strength?\n\u003e\u003e No, but I'll get into that, but it is a fact that since 1973, a major shift in economic relations in the world is taking place.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=126.0,162.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThat it is being imposed by a group of nations that meet unilaterally to announce our progressive impoverishment which the oil price rise involves. That the consuming nations have not agreed even to meet jointly to discuss what measures they should take even to meet each other, never mind what they do with the producing nations.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=162.0,191.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI would say it is an amazing situation. That will be hard to explain to future generations how this was possible. When we have had chronic inflation, chronic unemployment in all our countries. The inevitable result of all of this is found to be not just of the oil price hike, but of the economy that is not developing yet.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=191.0,218.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBut for most of the post war period, the economies of the West were based on an increasing gross national product, therefore the politics were how to divide up an increasing pie among the population. So, no one really had to make an absolute sacrifice, they only had to make a relative sacrifice.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=218.0,236.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nEveryone got some more. Some people got more of the increase than others but everybody got something. In the economies of stagnation, a group can only gain at the expense of the other. Somebody has to give up something for somebody else to gain it and if the economies are shrinking which is going to be the next phase, then everybody has to give something up, and the question is, who gives up most?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=236.0,265.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThis will create a new political systems. I'm not saying it's avoidable necessarily, I also don't know does anyone addressing it, but this I just said as an aside, I'm gonna get to that but in a later sessions. But if you look at 1945, there's no doubt in my mind that the Soviet Union never intended to stay in Eastern Europe if it met serious opposition.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=265.0,293.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nMaybe in one or two countries. But it never met serious opposition. It wasn't until 1947, that it really imposed Communist Government on Czechoslovakia. And I forget Poland also in '47, it waited about two years because it couldn't believe its good fortune. I think what they first had in mind was to create government like Finland.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=293.0,319.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nYou can never prove this, but it is astonishing that in the period of American atomic monopoly, we did nothing about the issue that I read to you that Churchill raised.\n\u003e\u003e So I'm wondering about that. Just in that period that caused Hiroshima's era, it was thought that nuclear weapons had some sort of terror effect that showed that there were weapons of mass destruction and it wasn't worth the defense and so forth, encouraging Japan to give up.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=319.0,352.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd, wasn't there a military assessment that for a country like the Soviet Union that had just lost 20 million people, that weapons that threatened mass destruction really didn't mean anything? Because-\n\u003e\u003e Yes, this is what communist propaganda actively spread around the world and there were books at that time.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=352.0,369.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThere was a book, wasn't there a book about Blackett, at any rate, there were a whole series of books by left-wing sympathizers or people who were not left-wing sympathizers who did not want to use nuclear weapons, which are the exact opposite of what you read today would namely, that nuclear weapons were futile.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=369.0,388.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThey could not bring about victory because I forget now, but they had even systems and that was his argument. Now, I have to tell you from my experience with scientists, when I came to the government, I thought that I had unusual access to scientists, which is true, I did, with the government.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=388.0,413.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI assembled, as a group of scientist to advise me. And I soon developed the following no weapon that can be built will be supported by liberal scientists. Either because they will prove to you that the existing weapon can do the job or because they prove to you that some humdinger of a weapon and it's coming about 15 years from now.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=413.0,438.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nFor either reason you shouldn't build whatever weapon it is that can be built. Secondly, if you look at the scientific predominant view of the late 40s and 50s, you will find the amazing phenomenon that at a time when the Soviets had no offensive capability, everybody wanted to build an air defense.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=438.0,461.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nYet, in the early 70s, which was a good way of wasting our resources. In the 50s, what was it, Project Lincoln, that was dedicated to the proposition that the United States should build an air defense on the theory it was better to have waste money that way than Then we put it into atomic weapons.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=461.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIn the 70s, when the Soviets did have enough answer capability, the same group of people that have been passionate about air defense was passionately against the anti-ballistic missile defense. But it is absolutely true that the intellectual propaganda of the 40s was that atomic weapons are meaningless. It is total unadulterated nonsense.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=480.0,504.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThe Soviet Union had no intention of fighting a war in the late 40s. The Soviet Union would not have engaged in a confrontation with the United States in the late 40s. I think that can be said with absolute safety today would you visit me with this Bill?\n\u003e\u003e Yeah.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=504.0,520.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e The Soviet Union would not even have fought a conventional war with the United States in the late 40s. Supposing we had said, we will not use nuclear weapons, but we will mobilized a country every city of which, in Western Russia was devastated. And they just had 20 million dead would never, Stalin would never have fought a war in the late 40s.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=520.0,543.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nIf we had given him, and I'm not saying we should have done it. If we gave him an ultimatum to pull out of Eastern Europe or we would declare war, I think the chances are 9 out of 10 that he would have done it. What do you think?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=543.0,555.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI'm not saying that goes far, but he would've settled for Finlands along his border, in my view. And in fact, he permitted free elections in Hungary, Poland, and Romania, [INAUDIBLE], not in Romania.\n\u003e\u003e Did the United States atomic weapons stockpile make that kind of threat even possible?\n\u003e\u003e Well but this is another one of those phony arguments.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=555.0,583.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWe didn't build stockpile and then we used the fact that we didn't have a stockpile to say we couldn't have done it. If the United States had gotten into a war, we would have built a stockpile. With a defense budget of $14 billion, we didn't build a stockpile.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=583.0,596.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nBut if we had gotten into a war as we did after Korea when we suddenly went up to $50 billion. We would have fill the stockpile you, these are also fulfilling practices. The fundamental fact is that just as the Russian's in 1850 did not fight a war in order to get it to the center of Europe and will satisfied with killing a slice of bullet.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=596.0,622.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSo I think the Soviets in 1945 would have followed traditional Soviet doctrine and not have held on to every possession. I am of the view, I don't know whether Phil agrees with me, that there was even an opportunity in 1953 to get them out of Eastern Germany. That there were serious discussions in the public bureau after Stalin about getting out of Eastern Germany in 53, 54.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=622.0,652.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThen in 55 they met Eisenhower and concluded this guy's never got a war with us. And then they decided to hold it, to hang in there. The Soviet calculations are different from our calculations. That's why I believe that a conservative American president usually does better in negotiating than a liberal American president despite the contrary views of most professors.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=652.0,691.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e Regarding this American presumption that our allies are good and our opposition, our enemies through a war are bad, and it's quite-\n\u003e\u003e Well now lately that has changed a little bit. Lately, the academic community thinks that America is so rotten that anybody who's stupid enough to become associated with us must be punished.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=691.0,712.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e And so you will find more literature aimed at allies of the United States. But at that time, that was the deal, excuse me.\n\u003e\u003e [INAUDIBLE] Germany always commands unlike that perception to change today with the idea that-\n\u003e\u003e But now you have you have a different problem in the 40s.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=712.0,744.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAnd in World War I, you still have great faith in America among opinion making groups. Today, you will find that our allies are attacked worse, Then opponents, when do you ever read in the newspapers any criticism of the human rights policies of Algeria, Tanzania. We go through the list of countries that are systematically attacking the United States.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=744.0,775.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWhat you do find is out reach attacks of Chile, Korea, Philippines countries that are ally. Do you find when you probably don't remember the Vietnam War. You could not open the newspaper at the time of the Vietnam War without reading about the malfeasances or President Thieu, who was a choir boy compared to the Northern Vietnamese.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=775.0,808.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHow often do a leading those paper's report? Anything about the [INAUDIBLE] by the North Vietnamese were gasing. Lots of attachments of the population in Dallas, just enough so that you cannot say, they never reported. Maybe once every six months, But that's a different world, which we'll discuss a little later.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=808.0,834.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThat's the late 70s, that's not what I'm talking about now. Yeah?\n\u003e\u003e Could that also be a problem because we simply have a lot more information about our allies. And then we have an institutional framework that that they've got to generate news.\n\u003e\u003e Yeah, that's partly the reason, but it's partly also the reason that I gave that is American moralist, that we have to be pure, that we're gonna prevail by purity.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=834.0,859.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThat if we are associated with imperfect people, we are losing our claim to resistance. That we have no right to defend nations that are impure just for our national interest. And I'll guarantee you if there's a war in the Persian Gulf, you're gonna be reading, what the hell are we doing with Oman, which is having public executions?\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=859.0,883.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nEven though after all we are defending the Straits of not because we want to end public executions in because our lifeline goes through there.\n\u003e\u003e And for the sake of our argument of mars was taken at the time and.\n\u003e\u003e Let's put it another way, I don't not know in 46 because I don't remember what my views were in second.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=883.0,915.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nI don't know if somebody had come to me and said what is your idea of a fair settlement? I don't know whether I would have had the right idea.\n\u003e\u003e [INAUDIBLE] because you can make an argument that if Europe, I don't [INAUDIBLE].\n\u003e\u003e No, I think theoretically what you would have done is to restore a Germany.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=915.0,937.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nTo create a unified Germany of smaller size in the center of Europe and you would have had other problems.\n\u003e\u003e Yeah, but even so if we look at the type of a challenge which is in for us now, I don't see how we're positioned [INAUDIBLE] should be better off [INAUDIBLE].\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=937.0,958.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e Yeah, but of course, you see, we're talking about the 40s. I happen to be also in favor.\n\u003e\u003e And there I do remember what my view was. I was in favor of opposing the sale of arms into the Middle East in the 50s, because I figured it would lead to exactly what is now happening.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=958.0,977.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e At all in the nuclear age, any kinds of the parasol was sort of to destroy units you are stating.\n\u003e\u003e That is the point that will be argued forever. I believe that if we do not have a fair settlement, sooner or later, we're going to get ourselves triggered into a conflict.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=977.0,996.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nLook at what's going on in the Persian Golf today, the soviets are hooked up with Syria, Iraq and Iran. To some degree, incompatible relationships. We hooked up with Jordan, Saudi Arabia and trying to hook ourselves up with Iran and we may get strong and. But anyway, everyone is hooked up with somebody else with regimes that are inherently, uncontrollable and it's going to lead to potentially very dangerous situations.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=996.0,1036.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nYeah.\n\u003e\u003e To what extent after the war, what was the policy the option of rebuilding Europe and of bringing relationship to the soviets [INAUDIBLE] seems mutually exclusive?\n\u003e\u003e Well, I think, of course, on the rebuilding of Europe, we did very well. Anything that had an economic component, we did extremely well.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1036.0,1059.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nOnce we had decided that we weren't going to contest the balance of power in Europe, we did an extremely good job in rebuilding western Europe and restoring the political unity of Western Europe. Restoring the political confidence and produce an extraordinary revolution at degree of prosperity that no European society, and ever a spy to be covered will do.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1059.0,1090.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nSo those things, we did very well.\n\u003e\u003e Well, I mean, to what extent?\n\u003e\u003e Was it considered mutually exclusive. I don't think the problem of confronting the Soviet Union and establishing a balance of power in the conventional sense was ever confronted. I don't think it was ever rejected, because it was never in place.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1090.0,1112.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThere were many people who said that Wallace after the 1948 based his campaign on the proposition that hostility to the soviets or resistance to the soviets forfeited every opportunity to create a peaceful world, but this isn't the American idealistic tradition. It was the World War ll legacy, but the proposition that you should have a serious political negotiation for define spheres of influence good, for example which is what finally happened a factor.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1112.0,1154.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nThat was never considered. Take one more question.\n\u003e\u003e In the American states enacted in the World War and and enacted in World War II [INAUDIBLE] bound by the internal political moral vision of the world. So, how does the American states begin around what the internal factors desire?\n\u003e\u003e It is one of our big national problems that the kind of structures that I've described to you America has never had to build.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1154.0,1182.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAmerica always found it and came in at the last moment. The American perception of international affairs has been either a more realistic one or a pragmatic one or a legal one, but we have never had a consistent balance of power policy.\n\u003e\u003e It seems as we always wait til [INAUDIBLE].\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1182.0,1206.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n\n\u003e\u003e Yes, but that was perfectly all right as long as we had to create of the British Navy. If after all, in 1939, resistance to the Nazis had depended on American understanding of the problem, the Nazis would have triumphed. This is the big change that has occurred in the postwar period, that now our judgement puts us into the front line and means that if we don't act early we may not be able to act at all.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1206.0,1237.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nEverything that I've described to you is very understandable in terms of American history and having described the negatives, I ought to have stressed the positives which is once we had neglected the balance of power and found the Russians in the center of Europe. We uniquely among the nations created a economic dynamism that nobody else would ever have thought of in rebuilding Europe.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1237.0,1266.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8545/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWell, next time, we're gonna discuss East, West relations in greater detail.\n\n","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1266.0,1282.56"}]},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["ms_1981_s07_b0998_0002_caption.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If the free world's internal\narrangements were more important than","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=3.12,8.41"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the existing balance of power, and\nthere were constant references for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=9.45,13.77"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the fact we were not modernly yet\nin a position to insist on a settlement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=13.77,19.68"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, we have the situation\nof the possible period,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=21.62,24.64"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which we did very well\non the economic matters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=24.64,27.3"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anything that fitted either our\nexperience with the new deal,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=28.51,32.987"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mainly economic recovery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=32.987,35.98"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All our experience with the Nazis, namely\npure military aggression, we handled well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=35.98,41.67"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But anything that required\ncomplicated geopolitical","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=43.89,47.545"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"conceptions was essentially time wasted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=47.545,53.75"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we have, I'm sure future historians\nwill find merely unexplicable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=53.75,58.88"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Never has a country had the superiority\nwe did at the end of World War II.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=58.88,64.61"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Never has there been such a total victory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=64.61,67.779"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Never has there been such\nan economic superiority.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=67.779,70.74"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And never has it been lost.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=72.25,73.399"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In such a brief period of time,\nwithout a struggle and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=74.67,80.35"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without any attempt to remedy it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=80.35,81.73"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Two countries that had no capabilities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=83.94,86.81"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Soviet Union started\nwith nothing in 1945.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=88.11,92.134"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the OPEC countries\nhave no military strength.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=93.35,96.61"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet, we've permitted the balance\nof power, military power,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=99.02,102.39"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be overturned by one, and\nourselves to be impoverished by the other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=102.39,108.04"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the way to impoverishment by the other,\nfor the reasons,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=108.04,112.529"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I've tried to explain to you,\nthe structural difficulty to think,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=113.79,120.09"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in structural terms,\nabout international politics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=120.09,126.55"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, we'll pick this up next time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=126.55,128.545"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a more detailed discussion\nof Soviet-American relations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=128.545,133.41"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I'll take a few questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=133.41,134.491"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Question, would you advocate\nthe military power to resist the OPEC","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=140.502,145.449"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nations bargaining strength?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=145.449,148.14"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e No, but I'll get into that, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=148.14,152.45"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it is a fact that since 1973,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=152.45,157.0"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a major shift in economic relations\nin the world is taking place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=157.0,162.575"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That it is being imposed by a group\nof nations that meet unilaterally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=162.575,168.529"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to announce our progressive impoverishment\nwhich the oil price rise involves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=169.95,177.97"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That the consuming nations have\nnot agreed even to meet jointly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=177.97,181.73"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to discuss what measures they should\ntake even to meet each other,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=183.03,187.354"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"never mind what they do\nwith the producing nations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=187.354,189.48"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would say it is an amazing situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=191.83,195.7"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That will be hard to explain to future\ngenerations how this was possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=195.7,201.89"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When we have had chronic inflation,\nchronic unemployment in all our countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=205.06,211.12"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The inevitable result of\nall of this is found to be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=211.12,213.94"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not just of the oil price hike, but\nof the economy that is not developing yet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=213.94,218.611"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But for most of the post war period,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=218.611,221.02"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the economies of the West were based on\nan increasing gross national product,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=221.02,225.42"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"therefore the politics were how to divide\nup an increasing pie among the population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=225.42,232.54"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, no one really had to\nmake an absolute sacrifice,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=232.54,235.09"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they only had to make\na relative sacrifice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=235.09,236.97"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Everyone got some more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=236.97,238.81"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some people got more of the increase\nthan others but everybody got something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=238.81,243.46"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the economies of stagnation, a group\ncan only gain at the expense of the other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=245.17,251.85"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Somebody has to give up something for\nsomebody else to gain it and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=251.85,256.14"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the economies are shrinking which\nis going to be the next phase,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=256.14,258.74"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then everybody has to give something up,\nand the question is, who gives up most?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=260.18,264.65"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This will create a new political systems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=265.79,267.515"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not saying it's avoidable necessarily,\nI also don't know does anyone addressing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=269.63,274.99"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it, but this I just said as an aside, I'm\ngonna get to that but in a later sessions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=274.99,279.854"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if you look at 1945, there's no\ndoubt in my mind that the Soviet Union","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=281.59,287.14"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"never intended to stay in Eastern Europe\nif it met serious opposition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=287.14,292.34"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe in one or two countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=293.36,294.55"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it never met serious opposition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=296.25,299.63"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It wasn't until 1947,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=299.63,301.722"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it really imposed\nCommunist Government on Czechoslovakia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=301.722,306.62"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I forget Poland also in '47,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=306.62,309.27"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it waited about two years because it\ncouldn't believe its good fortune.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=309.27,314.53"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think what they first had in mind\nwas to create government like Finland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=314.53,317.99"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can never prove this, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=319.86,322.5"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it is astonishing that in the period\nof American atomic monopoly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=322.5,326.6"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we did nothing about the issue that\nI read to you that Churchill raised.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=327.72,331.09"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e So I'm wondering about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=332.41,334.26"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Just in that period that\ncaused Hiroshima's era,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=334.26,340.899"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was thought that nuclear weapons\nhad some sort of terror effect that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=340.899,345.9"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"showed that there were weapons\nof mass destruction and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=345.9,348.19"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it wasn't worth the defense and so\nforth, encouraging Japan to give up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=348.19,352.01"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, wasn't there a military\nassessment that for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=352.01,355.41"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a country like the Soviet Union that\nhad just lost 20 million people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=355.41,358.39"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that weapons that threatened mass\ndestruction really didn't mean anything?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=358.39,362.26"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because-\n\u003e\u003e Yes, this is what communist propaganda","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=362.26,365.42"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"actively spread around the world and\nthere were books at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=365.42,369.82"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a book, wasn't there a book\nabout Blackett, at any rate, there were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=369.82,373.31"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a whole series of books by left-wing\nsympathizers or people who were not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=373.31,379.585"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"left-wing sympathizers who did not want to\nuse nuclear weapons, which are the exact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=379.585,384.06"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"opposite of what you read today would\nnamely, that nuclear weapons were futile.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=384.06,388.98"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They could not bring about victory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=388.98,393.25"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I forget now, but they had even\nsystems and that was his argument.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=393.25,397.48"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, I have to tell you from\nmy experience with scientists,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=399.01,402.36"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I came to the government, I thought\nthat I had unusual access to scientists,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=403.76,409.58"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is true, I did, with the government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=409.58,411.78"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I assembled,\nas a group of scientist to advise me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=413.12,419.03"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I soon developed the following\nno weapon that can be built","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=419.03,422.55"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will be supported by liberal scientists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=423.61,425.55"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Either because they will prove to you that\nthe existing weapon can do the job or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=426.78,432.49"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they prove to you that\nsome humdinger of a weapon and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=432.49,435.16"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's coming about 15 years from now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=435.16,437.14"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For either reason you shouldn't build\nwhatever weapon it is that can be built.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=438.59,443.03"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Secondly, if you look at\nthe scientific predominant view","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=443.03,447.84"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the late 40s and 50s, you will find\nthe amazing phenomenon that at a time when","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=449.57,454.63"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviets had no offensive capability,\neverybody wanted to build an air defense.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=454.63,459.78"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yet, in the early 70s, which was\na good way of wasting our resources.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=461.74,465.13"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the 50s, what was it,\nProject Lincoln, that was dedicated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=466.76,471.9"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the proposition that the United States\nshould build an air defense on the theory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=471.9,474.95"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was better to have waste money that way\nthan Then we put it into atomic weapons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=474.95,480.146"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the 70s, when the Soviets did\nhave enough answer capability,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=480.146,484.085"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the same group of people that have\nbeen passionate about air defense","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=484.085,488.024"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was passionately against\nthe anti-ballistic missile defense.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=488.024,491.92"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it is absolutely true\nthat the intellectual","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=491.92,496.52"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"propaganda of the 40s was that\natomic weapons are meaningless.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=496.52,501.37"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is total unadulterated nonsense.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=501.37,504.64"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Soviet Union had no intention\nof fighting a war in the late 40s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=504.64,509.36"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Soviet Union would not have engaged\nin a confrontation with the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=509.36,513.27"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the late 40s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=513.27,513.92"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that can be said with absolute\nsafety today would you visit me with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=514.97,518.697"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this Bill?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=518.697,519.317"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=519.317,520.331"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e The Soviet Union would not even\nhave fought a conventional war with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=520.331,523.076"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the United States in the late 40s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=523.076,524.608"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Supposing we had said,\nwe will not use nuclear weapons, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=524.608,528.672"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we will mobilized a country every city of\nwhich, in Western Russia was devastated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=528.672,534.347"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they just had 20\nmillion dead would never,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=534.347,538.465"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stalin would never have\nfought a war in the late 40s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=538.465,543.12"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we had given him, and\nI'm not saying we should have done it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=543.12,545.36"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we gave him an ultimatum to pull out of\nEastern Europe or we would declare war,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=545.36,550.333"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think the chances are 9 out of\n10 that he would have done it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=550.333,554.283"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do you think?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=554.283,555.698"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not saying that goes far,\nbut he would've settled for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=555.698,560.929"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finlands along his border, in my view.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=560.929,564.494"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in fact,\nhe permitted free elections in Hungary,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=564.494,571.05"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Poland, and Romania,\n[INAUDIBLE], not in Romania.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=571.05,577.468"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Did the United States atomic\nweapons stockpile make that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=577.468,578.491"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of threat even possible?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=578.491,579.053"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Well but this is another\none of those phony arguments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=579.053,583.497"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We didn't build stockpile and then we used\nthe fact that we didn't have a stockpile","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=583.497,587.961"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to say we couldn't have done it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=587.961,589.768"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If the United States had gotten into\na war, we would have built a stockpile.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=589.768,592.88"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"With a defense budget of $14 billion,\nwe didn't build a stockpile.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=592.88,596.977"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if we had gotten into a war as we did\nafter Korea when we suddenly went up to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=596.977,601.904"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"$50 billion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=601.904,603.088"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We would have fill the stockpile you,\nthese are also fulfilling practices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=603.088,606.44"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The fundamental fact is that just","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=608.12,612.24"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the Russian's in 1850 did not\nfight a war in order to get it to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=612.24,617.23"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the center of Europe and will satisfied\nwith killing a slice of bullet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=617.23,622.85"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think the Soviets in 1945 would\nhave followed traditional Soviet","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=622.85,627.45"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doctrine and\nnot have held on to every possession.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=627.45,632.31"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I am of the view,\nI don't know whether Phil agrees with me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=632.31,635.98"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there was even an opportunity in\n1953 to get them out of Eastern Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=635.98,641.48"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That there were serious\ndiscussions in the public bureau","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=641.48,646.521"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after Stalin about getting out\nof Eastern Germany in 53, 54.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=646.521,652.412"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then in 55 they met Eisenhower and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=652.412,656.176"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"concluded this guy's\nnever got a war with us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=656.176,661.075"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then they decided to hold it,\nto hang in there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=661.075,666.995"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Soviet calculations\nare different from our calculations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=666.995,670.015"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's why I believe that\na conservative American 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professors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=683.713,688.57"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Regarding this American presumption\nthat our allies are good and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=691.054,695.967"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our opposition,\nour enemies through a war are bad, and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=695.967,700.164"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's quite-\n\u003e\u003e Well now lately that has changed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=700.164,702.673"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=702.673,703.314"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lately, the academic community thinks\nthat America is so rotten that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=703.314,707.874"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anybody who's stupid enough to become\nassociated with us must be punished.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=707.874,712.91"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e [LAUGH]\n\u003e\u003e And so you will find more literature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=712.91,716.813"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"aimed at allies of the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=716.813,720.326"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But at that time,\nthat was the deal, excuse me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=720.326,723.096"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e [INAUDIBLE] Germany always commands","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=723.096,729.507"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unlike that perception to change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=729.507,735.49"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"today with the idea that-\n\u003e\u003e But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=735.49,740.482"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now you have you have\na different problem in the 40s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=740.482,744.853"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in World War I,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=744.853,746.123"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you still have great faith in\nAmerica among opinion making groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=746.123,750.658"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today, you will find that our\nallies are attacked worse,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=750.658,755.161"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then opponents, when do you\never read in the newspapers any","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=757.296,762.6"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"criticism of the human rights\npolicies of Algeria, Tanzania.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=762.6,768.344"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We go through the list of\ncountries that are systematically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=768.344,773.334"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"attacking the United 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ally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=781.227,786.655"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you find when you probably\ndon't remember the Vietnam War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=786.655,793.725"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You could not open the newspaper\nat the time of the Vietnam War","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=793.725,798.856"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without reading about the malfeasances or\nPresident Thieu,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=798.856,804.088"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who was a choir boy compared\nto the Northern Vietnamese.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=804.088,808.93"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How often do a leading\nthose paper's report?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=808.93,813.102"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anything about the [INAUDIBLE] by\nthe North Vietnamese were gasing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=813.102,818.567"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lots of attachments of the population\nin Dallas, just enough so","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=818.567,823.487"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you cannot say, they never reported.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=823.487,826.867"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe once every six months, But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=826.867,831.46"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's a different world,\nwhich we'll discuss a little later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=831.46,834.556"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the late 70s,\nthat's not what I'm talking about now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=834.556,838.328"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah?\n\u003e\u003e Could that also be a problem because we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=838.328,840.825"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"simply have a lot more\ninformation about our allies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=840.825,844.27"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then we have an institutional\nframework that that they've got","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=844.27,847.144"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to generate news.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=847.144,847.974"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Yeah, that's partly the reason, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=847.974,850.716"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's partly also the reason that\nI gave that is American moralist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=850.716,855.452"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we have to be pure,\nthat we're gonna prevail by purity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=855.452,859.793"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That if we are associated\nwith imperfect people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=859.793,862.598"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we are losing our claim to resistance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=862.598,864.813"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That we have no right to defend\nnations that are impure just for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=864.813,869.753"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our national interest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=869.753,871.755"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'll guarantee you if there's a war in\nthe Persian Gulf, you're gonna be reading,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=871.755,877.915"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what the hell are we doing with Oman,\nwhich is having public executions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=877.915,883.025"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even though after all we are defending\nthe Straits of not because we want","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=883.025,888.083"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to end public executions in because\nour lifeline goes through there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=888.083,893.229"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e And for the sake of our argument","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=895.255,899.875"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of mars was taken at the time and.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=899.875,904.778"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Let's put it another way,\nI don't not know in 46","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=904.778,909.778"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I don't remember what\nmy views were in second.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=909.778,915.26"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know if somebody\nhad come to me and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=915.26,918.01"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said what is your idea\nof a fair settlement?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=918.01,920.929"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know whether I would\nhave had the right idea.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=920.929,923.859"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e [INAUDIBLE] because\nyou can make an argument","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=923.859,928.369"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that if Europe, I don't [INAUDIBLE].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=928.369,933.262"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e No, I think theoretically what you\nwould have done is to restore a Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=933.262,937.462"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To create a unified Germany of smaller\nsize in the center of Europe and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=937.462,942.085"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you would have had other problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=942.085,944.489"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Yeah, but even so if we look\nat the type of a challenge which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=944.489,950.073"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is in for us now,\nI don't see how we're positioned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=950.073,954.361"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[INAUDIBLE] should be\nbetter off [INAUDIBLE].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=954.361,958.08"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Yeah, but of course, you see,\nwe're talking about the 40s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=958.08,962.227"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I happen to be also in favor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=962.227,965.04"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e And\nthere I do remember what my view was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=965.04,967.751"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was in favor of opposing the sale of\narms into the Middle East in the 50s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=967.751,972.386"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I figured it would lead\nto exactly what is now happening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=972.386,977.289"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e At all in the nuclear age,\nany kinds of the parasol","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=977.289,982.3"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was sort of to destroy\nunits you are stating.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=982.3,986.848"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e That is the point that\nwill be argued forever.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=986.848,989.907"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe that if we do not have\na fair settlement, sooner or later,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=989.907,993.613"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're going to get ourselves\ntriggered into a conflict.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=993.613,996.809"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Look at what's going on in\nthe Persian Golf today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=996.809,1000.258"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the soviets are hooked up with Syria,\nIraq and Iran.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1000.258,1003.88"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To some degree,\nincompatible relationships.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1005.81,1007.82"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We hooked up with Jordan, Saudi Arabia and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1009.01,1012.367"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trying to hook ourselves up with Iran and\nwe may get strong and.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1012.367,1017.321"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But anyway,\neveryone is hooked up with somebody else","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1017.321,1022.149"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with regimes that are inherently,\nuncontrollable and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1022.149,1027.192"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's going to lead to potentially\nvery dangerous situations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1027.192,1032.999"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1036.999,1038.73"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e To what extent after the war,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1038.73,1041.241"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what was the policy the option\nof rebuilding Europe and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1041.241,1045.862"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of bringing relationship to the soviets\n[INAUDIBLE] seems mutually exclusive?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1045.862,1052.6"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Well, I think, of course, on the\nrebuilding of Europe, we did very well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1052.6,1056.669"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anything that had an economic component,\nwe did extremely well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1056.669,1059.747"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Once we had decided that we weren't going\nto contest the balance of power in Europe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1059.747,1065.814"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we did an extremely good job in\nrebuilding western Europe and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1065.814,1070.172"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"restoring the political\nunity of Western Europe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1070.172,1073.862"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Restoring the political confidence and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1073.862,1077.931"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"produce an extraordinary\nrevolution at degree of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1077.931,1082.957"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"prosperity that no European society,\nand ever a spy to be covered will do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1082.957,1090.506"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So those things, we did very well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1090.506,1094.039"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Well, I mean, to what extent?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1094.039,1095.25"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Was it considered mutually exclusive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1095.25,1097.659"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think the problem of\nconfronting the Soviet Union and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1097.659,1101.512"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"establishing a balance of power in the\nconventional sense was ever confronted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1101.512,1106.561"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think it was ever rejected,\nbecause it was never in place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1106.561,1109.302"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were many people who said that\nWallace after the 1948 based his","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1112.472,1119.108"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"campaign on the proposition that\nhostility to the soviets or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1119.108,1124.657"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"resistance to the soviets forfeited every\nopportunity to create a peaceful world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1124.657,1132.383"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but this isn't the American\nidealistic tradition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1132.383,1137.318"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was the World War ll legacy, but\nthe proposition that you should have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1137.318,1142.583"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a serious political negotiation for\ndefine spheres of influence good,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1142.583,1147.94"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for example which is what\nfinally happened a factor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1147.94,1151.92"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was never considered.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1154.09,1156.536"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Take one more question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1156.536,1157.869"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e In the American states enacted in the\nWorld War and and enacted in World War II","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1157.869,1162.909"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[INAUDIBLE] bound by the internal\npolitical moral vision of the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1162.909,1167.576"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, how does the American states begin\naround what the internal factors desire?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1167.576,1173.863"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e It is one of our big national\nproblems that the kind of structures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1173.863,1178.594"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I've described to you\nAmerica has never had to build.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1178.594,1182.987"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"America always found it and\ncame in at the last moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1182.987,1188.001"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The American perception of\ninternational affairs has been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1188.001,1192.188"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"either a more realistic one or\na pragmatic one or a legal one, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1192.188,1196.706"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have never had a consistent\nbalance of power policy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1196.706,1200.655"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e It seems as we always\nwait til [INAUDIBLE].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1203.212,1206.681"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003e\u003e Yes, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1206.681,1207.417"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was perfectly all right as long as\nwe had to create of the British Navy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1207.417,1213.213"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If after all, in 1939,\nresistance to the Nazis had depended","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1213.213,1217.214"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on American understanding of the problem,\nthe Nazis would have triumphed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1217.214,1221.96"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the big change that has\noccurred in the postwar period,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1225.203,1229.426"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that now our judgement puts\nus into the front line and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1229.426,1232.932"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"means that if we don't act early\nwe may not be able to act at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1232.932,1237.168"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Everything that I've described to you\nis very understandable in terms of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1237.168,1241.943"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"American history and\nhaving described the negatives,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1241.943,1245.562"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I ought to have stressed the positives\nwhich is once we had neglected","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1245.562,1249.951"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the balance of power and found\nthe Russians in the center of Europe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1249.951,1254.36"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We uniquely among the nations\ncreated a economic dynamism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1254.36,1260.084"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that nobody else would ever have\nthought of in rebuilding Europe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1260.084,1266.64"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, next time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1266.64,1269.768"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're gonna discuss East,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1269.768,1274.462"},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"West relations in greater detail.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604#t=1274.462,1280.338"}]},{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://yalemssa.aviaryplatform.com/collections/56/collection_resources/18001/file/73604/transcript/8546/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/546/original/transcript_index_158402149020200312-3371-1brkq4v?1584007091","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/008/546/original/transcript_index_158402149020200312-3371-1brkq4v?1584007091"}]}]}]}